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Real Option Financing Under Asymmetric Information

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  • Matthieu Bouvard

Abstract

This study examines the financing of innovation in the presence of adverse selection in the capital market. An entrepreneur with private information needs outside funding for a project requiring costly experimentation. Equilibrium contracts use the duration of the experimentation period, together with pay-for-performance, to signal information to outside investors. As a result, investment is delayed, entrepreneurs with stronger growth options receive vested stock options, and entrepreneurs with a lower probability of success are compensated in case of failure. These predictions are in line with empirical evidence on venture capital contracts, and on the impact of internal financing on risk taking. The Author 2012. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Society for Financial Studies. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com., Oxford University Press.

Suggested Citation

  • Matthieu Bouvard, 2014. "Real Option Financing Under Asymmetric Information," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 27(1), pages 180-210, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:rfinst:v:27:y:2014:i:1:p:180-210
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1093/rfs/hhs068
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    Cited by:

    1. Arve, Malin & Zwart, Gijsbert, 2023. "Optimal procurement and investment in new technologies under uncertainty," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 147(C).
    2. Alessandro Spiganti, 2022. "Wealth Inequality and the Exploration of Novel Alternatives," Working Papers 2022:02, Department of Economics, University of Venice "Ca' Foscari".
    3. Ni, Jian & Zhao, Jun & Chu, Lap Keung, 2021. "Supply contracting and process innovation in a dynamic supply chain with information asymmetry," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 288(2), pages 552-562.
    4. Gomes, Renato & Gottlieb, Daniel & Maestri, Lucas, 2016. "Experimentation and project selection: Screening and learning," Games and Economic Behavior, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 145-169.
    5. Arnoud Boot & Vladimir Vladimirov, 2019. "(Non-)Precautionary Cash Hoarding and the Evolution of Growth Firms," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 65(11), pages 5290-5307, November.
    6. Keiichi Hori & Hiroshi Osano, 2017. "Agency Contracts, Noncommitment Timing Strategies and Real Options," The Japanese Economic Review, Springer, vol. 68(4), pages 521-554, December.
    7. Catherine Bobtcheff & Raphaël Levy, 2017. "More Haste, Less Speed? Signaling through Investment Timing," American Economic Journal: Microeconomics, American Economic Association, vol. 9(3), pages 148-186, August.
    8. Qiuqi Wang & Yue Kuen Kwok, 2019. "Signaling game models of equity financing under information asymmetry and finite project life," International Journal of Financial Engineering (IJFE), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 6(01), pages 1-38, March.
    9. Miglo, Anton, 2022. "Theories of financing for entrepreneurial firms: a review," MPRA Paper 115835, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    10. Zormpas, Dimitrios, 2020. "Investments under vertical relations and agency conflicts: A real options approach," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 273-287.
    11. Hennessy, Christopher A. & Livdan, Dmitry, 2021. "Learning, parameter drift, and the credibility revolution," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 117(C), pages 395-417.
    12. Ni, Jian & Xu, Yue & Shi, Jia & Li, Jiali, 2024. "Product innovation in a supply chain with information asymmetry: Is more private information always worse?," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 314(1), pages 229-240.
    13. Alessandro Spiganti, 2020. "Can Starving Start‐ups Beat Fat Labs? A Bandit Model of Innovation with Endogenous Financing Constraint," Scandinavian Journal of Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 122(2), pages 702-731, April.

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