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COVID-19 anti-contagion policies and economic support measures in the USA

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  • Theologos Dergiades
  • Costas Milas
  • Elias Mossialos
  • Theodore Panagiotidis

Abstract

Current literature assumes that non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) reduce COVID-19 infections uniformly, that is, irrespectively of their strength. The role of economic support measures (ESM) in controlling the virus is also overlooked. Using a panel threshold model of COVID-19 cases in the US states, we identify three distinct regimes of ‘low’, ‘medium’, and ‘high’ severity interventions; the latter being more effective towards reducing infections growth. ESM increase the efficacy of NPIs through a behavioural channel that lowers the workplace hours supplied by individuals. Nonetheless, when containment policies are not very stringent (‘low’ regime) or are too draconian (‘high’ regime), ESM are less effective towards suppressing the pandemic. Finally, we find that the largest impact towards reducing the growth of infections comes jointly from school closures, workplace closures, cancelation of public events, and restrictions on internal movement, followed by the stay-at-home requirements, and the closure of public transport.

Suggested Citation

  • Theologos Dergiades & Costas Milas & Elias Mossialos & Theodore Panagiotidis, 2023. "COVID-19 anti-contagion policies and economic support measures in the USA," Oxford Economic Papers, Oxford University Press, vol. 75(3), pages 613-630.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:oxecpp:v:75:y:2023:i:3:p:613-630.
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    Cited by:

    1. Adamowicz, Mieczysław, 2023. "Policies Aimed at Combating Covid-19 Pandemic and Economic Crisis in Poland," Economic and Regional Studies (Studia Ekonomiczne i Regionalne), John Paul II University of Applied Sciences in Biala Podlaska, vol. 16(04), January.
    2. Adamowicz Mieczysław, 2023. "Policies Aimed at Combating COVID-19 Pandemic and Economic Crisis in Poland," Economic and Regional Studies / Studia Ekonomiczne i Regionalne, Sciendo, vol. 16(4), pages 538-566, December.

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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • H51 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Government Expenditures and Health
    • C33 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Models with Panel Data; Spatio-temporal Models
    • C51 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Model Construction and Estimation

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