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Interspecific dominance relationships and hybridization between black-capped and mountain chickadees

Author

Listed:
  • A. Grava
  • T. Grava
  • R. Didier
  • L. A. Lait
  • J. Dosso
  • E. Koran
  • T. M. Burg
  • K. A. Otter

Abstract

Black-capped chickadees (Poecile atricapillus) and mountain chickadees (P. gambeli) are ecologically segregated due to differences in habitat preference. However, forestry practices in northwestern Canada have created a mosaic of coniferous (mountain chickadee habitat) and deciduous forest patches (black-capped habitat), which might explain cases of observed regional sympatry between these 2 closely related species. In Poecile species, social hierarchies amongst conspecific individuals influence life-history parameters such as mate choice. As a result, interspecific social hierarchies might drive hybridization between these 2 closely related species. By conducting field observations and aviary experiments, we demonstrated that black-capped chickadees are dominant over mountain chickadees. Using a combination of species-specific phenotypes (plumage), mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) to assess maternal genotype, and microsatellite markers, we confirmed that genetic mixing occurs within our contact zone but that the pattern of parentage appears directional. All but one of the adult hybrids was phenotypically identified as mountain chickadee and had mountain chickadee mtDNA. Furthermore, all nestlings where microsatellites detected mixed-species ancestry were from mountain chickadee nests with both attending parents having mountain chickadee phenotypes. All mtDNA from these nestlings was mountain chickadee except for one individual, and in all cases, these nestlings showed genetic patterns of having arisen through extrapair copulations between female mountain and male black-capped chickadees. Our results suggest that hybridization may result from males of the mountain chickadees having lower expression of a preferred trait (dominance) than the black-capped chickadees.

Suggested Citation

  • A. Grava & T. Grava & R. Didier & L. A. Lait & J. Dosso & E. Koran & T. M. Burg & K. A. Otter, 2012. "Interspecific dominance relationships and hybridization between black-capped and mountain chickadees," Behavioral Ecology, International Society for Behavioral Ecology, vol. 23(3), pages 566-572.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:beheco:v:23:y:2012:i:3:p:566-572.
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1093/beheco/arr229
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Daniel J. Mennill & Scott M. Ramsay & Peter T. Boag & Laurene M. Ratcliffe, 2004. "Patterns of extrapair mating in relation to male dominance status and female nest placement in black-capped chickadees," Behavioral Ecology, International Society for Behavioral Ecology, vol. 15(5), pages 757-765, September.
    2. Matthew W. Reudink & Stephen G. Mech & Robert L. Curry, 2006. "Extrapair paternity and mate choice in a chickadee hybrid zone," Behavioral Ecology, International Society for Behavioral Ecology, vol. 17(1), pages 56-62, January.
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