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Protective efficacy of Ad26.COV2.S against SARS-CoV-2 B.1.351 in macaques

Author

Listed:
  • Jingyou Yu

    (Harvard Medical School)

  • Lisa H. Tostanoski

    (Harvard Medical School)

  • Noe B. Mercado

    (Harvard Medical School)

  • Katherine McMahan

    (Harvard Medical School)

  • Jinyan Liu

    (Harvard Medical School)

  • Catherine Jacob-Dolan

    (Harvard Medical School
    Harvard Medical School)

  • Abishek Chandrashekar

    (Harvard Medical School)

  • Caroline Atyeo

    (Harvard Medical School
    MIT and Harvard)

  • David R. Martinez

    (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)

  • Tochi Anioke

    (Harvard Medical School)

  • Esther A. Bondzie

    (Harvard Medical School)

  • Aiquan Chang

    (Harvard Medical School
    Harvard Medical School)

  • Sarah Gardner

    (Harvard Medical School)

  • Victoria M. Giffin

    (Harvard Medical School)

  • David L. Hope

    (Harvard Medical School)

  • Felix Nampanya

    (Harvard Medical School)

  • Joseph Nkolola

    (Harvard Medical School)

  • Shivani Patel

    (Harvard Medical School)

  • Owen Sanborn

    (Harvard Medical School)

  • Daniel Sellers

    (Harvard Medical School)

  • Huahua Wan

    (Harvard Medical School)

  • Tammy Hayes

    (Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine)

  • Katherine Bauer

    (Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine)

  • Laurent Pessaint

    (Bioqual)

  • Daniel Valentin

    (Bioqual)

  • Zack Flinchbaugh

    (Bioqual)

  • Renita Brown

    (Bioqual)

  • Anthony Cook

    (Bioqual)

  • Deandre Bueno-Wilkerson

    (Bioqual)

  • Elyse Teow

    (Bioqual)

  • Hanne Andersen

    (Bioqual)

  • Mark G. Lewis

    (Bioqual)

  • Amanda J. Martinot

    (Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine)

  • Ralph S. Baric

    (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill)

  • Galit Alter

    (MIT and Harvard)

  • Frank Wegmann

    (Janssen Vaccines & Prevention)

  • Roland Zahn

    (Janssen Vaccines & Prevention)

  • Hanneke Schuitemaker

    (Janssen Vaccines & Prevention)

  • Dan H. Barouch

    (Harvard Medical School
    Harvard Medical School
    MIT and Harvard)

Abstract

The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants that partially evade neutralizing antibodies poses a threat to the efficacy of current COVID-19 vaccines1,2. The Ad26.COV2.S vaccine expresses a stabilized spike protein from the WA1/2020 strain of SARS-CoV-2, and has recently demonstrated protective efficacy against symptomatic COVID-19 in humans in several geographical regions—including in South Africa, where 95% of sequenced viruses in cases of COVID-19 were the B.1.351 variant3. Here we show that Ad26.COV2.S elicits humoral and cellular immune responses that cross-react with the B.1.351 variant and protects against B.1.351 challenge in rhesus macaques. Ad26.COV2.S induced lower binding and neutralizing antibodies against B.1.351 as compared to WA1/2020, but elicited comparable CD8 and CD4 T cell responses against the WA1/2020, B.1.351, B.1.1.7, P.1 and CAL.20C variants. B.1.351 infection of control rhesus macaques resulted in higher levels of virus replication in bronchoalveolar lavage and nasal swabs than did WA1/2020 infection. Ad26.COV2.S provided robust protection against both WA1/2020 and B.1.351, although we observed higher levels of virus in vaccinated macaques after B.1.351 challenge. These data demonstrate that Ad26.COV2.S provided robust protection against B.1.351 challenge in rhesus macaques. Our findings have important implications for vaccine control of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern.

Suggested Citation

  • Jingyou Yu & Lisa H. Tostanoski & Noe B. Mercado & Katherine McMahan & Jinyan Liu & Catherine Jacob-Dolan & Abishek Chandrashekar & Caroline Atyeo & David R. Martinez & Tochi Anioke & Esther A. Bondzi, 2021. "Protective efficacy of Ad26.COV2.S against SARS-CoV-2 B.1.351 in macaques," Nature, Nature, vol. 596(7872), pages 423-427, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:596:y:2021:i:7872:d:10.1038_s41586-021-03732-8
    DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-03732-8
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    Cited by:

    1. Neeltje van Doremalen & Jonathan E. Schulz & Danielle R. Adney & Taylor A. Saturday & Robert J. Fischer & Claude Kwe Yinda & Nazia Thakur & Joseph Newman & Marta Ulaszewska & Sandra Belij-Rammerstorfe, 2022. "ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222) or nCoV-19-Beta (AZD2816) protect Syrian hamsters against Beta Delta and Omicron variants," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-12, December.
    2. Sapna Sharma & Thomas Vercruysse & Lorena Sanchez-Felipe & Winnie Kerstens & Madina Rasulova & Lindsey Bervoets & Carolien Keyzer & Rana Abdelnabi & Caroline S. Foo & Viktor Lemmens & Dominique Loover, 2022. "Updated vaccine protects against SARS-CoV-2 variants including Omicron (B.1.1.529) and prevents transmission in hamsters," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-11, December.

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