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Trapped fractional charges at bulk defects in topological insulators

Author

Listed:
  • Christopher W. Peterson

    (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign)

  • Tianhe Li

    (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign)

  • Wentao Jiang

    (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign)

  • Taylor L. Hughes

    (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign)

  • Gaurav Bahl

    (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign)

Abstract

Topological crystalline insulators (TCIs) can exhibit unusual, quantized electric phenomena such as fractional electric polarization and boundary-localized fractional charge1–6. This quantized fractional charge is the generic observable for identification of TCIs that lack clear spectral features5–7, including ones with higher-order topology8–11. It has been predicted that fractional charges can also manifest where crystallographic defects disrupt the lattice structure of TCIs, potentially providing a bulk probe of crystalline topology10,12–14. However, this capability has not yet been confirmed in experiments, given that measurements of charge distributions in TCIs have not been accessible until recently11. Here we experimentally demonstrate that disclination defects can robustly trap fractional charges in TCI metamaterials, and show that this trapped charge can indicate non-trivial, higher-order crystalline topology even in the absence of any spectral signatures. Furthermore, we uncover a connection between the trapped charge and the existence of topological bound states localized at these defects. We test the robustness of these topological features when the protective crystalline symmetry is broken, and find that a single robust bound state can be localized at each disclination alongside the fractional charge. Our results conclusively show that disclination defects in TCIs can strongly trap fractional charges as well as topological bound states, and demonstrate the primacy of fractional charge as a probe of crystalline topology.

Suggested Citation

  • Christopher W. Peterson & Tianhe Li & Wentao Jiang & Taylor L. Hughes & Gaurav Bahl, 2021. "Trapped fractional charges at bulk defects in topological insulators," Nature, Nature, vol. 589(7842), pages 376-380, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:589:y:2021:i:7842:d:10.1038_s41586-020-03117-3
    DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-03117-3
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    Cited by:

    1. Sasha S. Yamada & Tianhe Li & Mao Lin & Christopher W. Peterson & Taylor L. Hughes & Gaurav Bahl, 2022. "Bound states at partial dislocation defects in multipole higher-order topological insulators," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-8, December.
    2. Lizhen Lu & Kun Ding & Emanuele Galiffi & Xikui Ma & Tianyu Dong & J. B. Pendry, 2021. "Revealing topology with transformation optics," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-7, December.
    3. Biye Xie & Renwen Huang & Shiyin Jia & Zemeng Lin & Junzheng Hu & Yao Jiang & Shaojie Ma & Peng Zhan & Minghui Lu & Zhenlin Wang & Yanfeng Chen & Shuang Zhang, 2023. "Bulk-local-density-of-state correspondence in topological insulators," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-8, December.
    4. Frank Schindler & Stepan S. Tsirkin & Titus Neupert & B. Andrei Bernevig & Benjamin J. Wieder, 2022. "Topological zero-dimensional defect and flux states in three-dimensional insulators," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-18, December.
    5. Danwei Liao & Jingyi Zhang & Shuochen Wang & Zhiwang Zhang & Alberto Cortijo & María A. H. Vozmediano & Francisco Guinea & Ying Cheng & Xiaojun Liu & Johan Christensen, 2024. "Visualizing the topological pentagon states of a giant C540 metamaterial," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-7, December.

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