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Superconductivity at 250 K in lanthanum hydride under high pressures

Author

Listed:
  • A. P. Drozdov

    (Max-Planck Institut für Chemie)

  • P. P. Kong

    (Max-Planck Institut für Chemie)

  • V. S. Minkov

    (Max-Planck Institut für Chemie)

  • S. P. Besedin

    (Max-Planck Institut für Chemie)

  • M. A. Kuzovnikov

    (Max-Planck Institut für Chemie
    Institute of Solid State Physics RAS)

  • S. Mozaffari

    (Florida State University)

  • L. Balicas

    (Florida State University)

  • F. F. Balakirev

    (NHMFL, Los Alamos National Laboratory)

  • D. E. Graf

    (Florida State University)

  • V. B. Prakapenka

    (University of Chicago)

  • E. Greenberg

    (University of Chicago)

  • D. A. Knyazev

    (Max-Planck Institut für Chemie)

  • M. Tkacz

    (Institute of Physical Chemistry PAS)

  • M. I. Eremets

    (Max-Planck Institut für Chemie)

Abstract

With the discovery1 of superconductivity at 203 kelvin in H3S, attention returned to conventional superconductors with properties that can be described by the Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer and the Migdal–Eliashberg theories. Although these theories predict the possibility of room-temperature superconductivity in metals that have certain favourable properties—such as lattice vibrations at high frequencies—they are not sufficient to guide the design or predict the properties of new superconducting materials. First-principles calculations based on density functional theory have enabled such predictions, and have suggested a new family of superconducting hydrides that possess a clathrate-like structure in which the host atom (calcium, yttrium, lanthanum) is at the centre of a cage formed by hydrogen atoms2–4. For LaH10 and YH10, the onset of superconductivity is predicted to occur at critical temperatures between 240 and 320 kelvin at megabar pressures3–6. Here we report superconductivity with a critical temperature of around 250 kelvin within the $$Fm\bar{{\bf{3}}}m$$ F m 3 ¯ m structure of LaH10 at a pressure of about 170 gigapascals. This is, to our knowledge, the highest critical temperature that has been confirmed so far in a superconducting material. Superconductivity was evidenced by the observation of zero resistance, an isotope effect, and a decrease in critical temperature under an external magnetic field, which suggested an upper critical magnetic field of about 136 tesla at zero temperature. The increase of around 50 kelvin compared with the previous highest critical temperature1 is an encouraging step towards the goal of achieving room-temperature superconductivity in the near future.

Suggested Citation

  • A. P. Drozdov & P. P. Kong & V. S. Minkov & S. P. Besedin & M. A. Kuzovnikov & S. Mozaffari & L. Balicas & F. F. Balakirev & D. E. Graf & V. B. Prakapenka & E. Greenberg & D. A. Knyazev & M. Tkacz & M, 2019. "Superconductivity at 250 K in lanthanum hydride under high pressures," Nature, Nature, vol. 569(7757), pages 528-531, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:569:y:2019:i:7757:d:10.1038_s41586-019-1201-8
    DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1201-8
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    Cited by:

    1. Jingkai Bi & Yuki Nakamoto & Peiyu Zhang & Katsuya Shimizu & Bo Zou & Hanyu Liu & Mi Zhou & Guangtao Liu & Hongbo Wang & Yanming Ma, 2022. "Giant enhancement of superconducting critical temperature in substitutional alloy (La,Ce)H9," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-7, December.
    2. M. A. Rastkhadiv, 2023. "Criticality in electronic structure of two graphene layers containing praseodymium superhydride doped molecules," The European Physical Journal B: Condensed Matter and Complex Systems, Springer;EDP Sciences, vol. 96(6), pages 1-9, June.
    3. Cesare Tresca & Pietro Maria Forcella & Andrea Angeletti & Luigi Ranalli & Cesare Franchini & Michele Reticcioli & Gianni Profeta, 2024. "Molecular hydrogen in the N-doped LuH3 system as a possible path to superconductivity," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-7, December.
    4. Mengqi Wang & Yu Wang & Zhixian Liu & Ganyu Xu & Bo Yang & Pei Yu & Haoyu Sun & Xiangyu Ye & Jingwei Zhou & Alexander F. Goncharov & Ya Wang & Jiangfeng Du, 2024. "Imaging magnetic transition of magnetite to megabar pressures using quantum sensors in diamond anvil cell," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-8, December.
    5. Dan Sun & Vasily S. Minkov & Shirin Mozaffari & Ying Sun & Yanming Ma & Stella Chariton & Vitali B. Prakapenka & Mikhail I. Eremets & Luis Balicas & Fedor F. Balakirev, 2021. "High-temperature superconductivity on the verge of a structural instability in lanthanum superhydride," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-7, December.
    6. Anghel, Dragoş-Victor, 2021. "Multiple solutions for the equilibrium populations in BCS superconductors," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 572(C).
    7. Jianan Yin & Yang Yan & Mulin Miao & Jiayin Tang & Jiali Jiang & Hui Liu & Yuhan Chen & Yinxian Chen & Fucong Lyu & Zhengyi Mao & Yunhu He & Lei Wan & Binbin Zhou & Jian Lu, 2024. "Diamond with Sp2-Sp3 composite phase for thermometry at Millikelvin temperatures," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-8, December.
    8. Sun-Woo Kim & Lewis J. Conway & Chris J. Pickard & G. Lucian Pascut & Bartomeu Monserrat, 2023. "Microscopic theory of colour in lutetium hydride," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-9, December.
    9. Hui Wang & Pascal T. Salzbrenner & Ion Errea & Feng Peng & Ziheng Lu & Hanyu Liu & Li Zhu & Chris J. Pickard & Yansun Yao, 2023. "Quantum structural fluxion in superconducting lanthanum polyhydride," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-7, December.
    10. Liu-Cheng Chen & Tao Luo & Zi-Yu Cao & Philip Dalladay-Simpson & Ge Huang & Di Peng & Li-Li Zhang & Federico Aiace Gorelli & Guo-Hua Zhong & Hai-Qing Lin & Xiao-Jia Chen, 2024. "Synthesis and superconductivity in yttrium-cerium hydrides at high pressures," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-7, December.
    11. M. I. Eremets & V. S. Minkov & P. P. Kong & A. P. Drozdov & S. Chariton & V. B. Prakapenka, 2023. "Universal diamond edge Raman scale to 0.5 terapascal and implications for the metallization of hydrogen," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-8, December.
    12. Wuhao Chen & Xiaoli Huang & Dmitrii V. Semenok & Su Chen & Di Zhou & Kexin Zhang & Artem R. Oganov & Tian Cui, 2023. "Enhancement of superconducting properties in the La–Ce–H system at moderate pressures," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-8, December.
    13. Yufan Shen & Kousuke Ooe & Xueyou Yuan & Tomoaki Yamada & Shunsuke Kobayashi & Mitsutaka Haruta & Daisuke Kan & Yuichi Shimakawa, 2024. "Ferroelectric freestanding hafnia membranes with metastable rhombohedral structure down to 1-nm-thick," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-9, December.
    14. V. S. Minkov & S. L. Bud’ko & F. F. Balakirev & V. B. Prakapenka & S. Chariton & R. J. Husband & H. P. Liermann & M. I. Eremets, 2022. "Magnetic field screening in hydrogen-rich high-temperature superconductors," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-8, December.
    15. Y. L. Wu & X. H. Yu & J. Z. L. Hasaien & Fang Hong & P. F. Shan & Z. Y. Tian & Y. N. Zhai & J. P. Hu & J. G. Cheng & Jimin Zhao, 2024. "Ultrafast dynamics evidence of strong coupling superconductivity in LaH10±δ," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-8, December.
    16. Dominique Laniel & Florian Trybel & Bjoern Winkler & Florian Knoop & Timofey Fedotenko & Saiana Khandarkhaeva & Alena Aslandukova & Thomas Meier & Stella Chariton & Konstantin Glazyrin & Victor Milman, 2022. "High-pressure synthesis of seven lanthanum hydrides with a significant variability of hydrogen content," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
    17. Xiangzhuo Xing & Chao Wang & Linchao Yu & Jie Xu & Chutong Zhang & Mengge Zhang & Song Huang & Xiaoran Zhang & Yunxian Liu & Bingchao Yang & Xin Chen & Yongsheng Zhang & Jiangang Guo & Zhixiang Shi & , 2023. "Observation of non-superconducting phase changes in nitrogen doped lutetium hydrides," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-9, December.
    18. T. Ozawa & Y. Sugisawa & Y. Komatsu & R. Shimizu & T. Hitosugi & D. Sekiba & K. Yamauchi & I. Hamada & K. Fukutani, 2024. "Isotope-dependent site occupation of hydrogen in epitaxial titanium hydride nanofilms," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-8, December.
    19. Zhiwen Li & Xin He & Changling Zhang & Xiancheng Wang & Sijia Zhang & Yating Jia & Shaomin Feng & Ke Lu & Jianfa Zhao & Jun Zhang & Baosen Min & Youwen Long & Richeng Yu & Luhong Wang & Meiyan Ye & Zh, 2022. "Superconductivity above 200 K discovered in superhydrides of calcium," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-5, December.

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