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Fault lubrication during earthquakes

Author

Listed:
  • G. Di Toro

    (Università di Padova
    Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia)

  • R. Han

    (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources)

  • T. Hirose

    (Kochi Institute for Core Sample Research, JAMSTEC)

  • N. De Paola

    (University of Durham)

  • S. Nielsen

    (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia)

  • K. Mizoguchi

    (Civil Engineering Research Laboratory, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry)

  • F. Ferri

    (Università di Padova)

  • M. Cocco

    (Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia)

  • T. Shimamoto

    (Institute of Geology, China Earthquake Administration)

Abstract

Rock type irrelevant for earthquake lubrication A review of about 300 published and unpublished rock friction experiments that reproduce seismic slip conditions suggests that a significant decrease in friction occurs at high slip rate. Extrapolating the experimental data to conditions that are typical of earthquake nucleation depths, the authors conclude that faults are lubricated during earthquakes, irrespective of the fault rock composition or specific weakening mechanism involved.

Suggested Citation

  • G. Di Toro & R. Han & T. Hirose & N. De Paola & S. Nielsen & K. Mizoguchi & F. Ferri & M. Cocco & T. Shimamoto, 2011. "Fault lubrication during earthquakes," Nature, Nature, vol. 471(7339), pages 494-498, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:471:y:2011:i:7339:d:10.1038_nature09838
    DOI: 10.1038/nature09838
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Lu Yao & Shengli Ma & Giulio Di Toro, 2023. "Coseismic fault sealing and fluid pressurization during earthquakes," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-8, December.
    2. Hongyu Sun & Matej Pec, 2021. "Nanometric flow and earthquake instability," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-9, December.
    3. Dawei Gao & Kelin Wang & Tania L. Insua & Matthew Sypus & Michael Riedel & Tianhaozhe Sun, 2018. "Defining megathrust tsunami source scenarios for northernmost Cascadia," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 94(1), pages 445-469, October.
    4. Faqi Diao & Huihui Weng & Jean-Paul Ampuero & Zhigang Shao & Rongjiang Wang & Feng Long & Xiong Xiong, 2024. "Physics-based assessment of earthquake potential on the Anninghe-Zemuhe fault system in southwestern China," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-9, December.
    5. David S. Kammer & Gregory C. McLaskey & Rachel E. Abercrombie & Jean-Paul Ampuero & Camilla Cattania & Massimo Cocco & Luca Dal Zilio & Georg Dresen & Alice-Agnes Gabriel & Chun-Yu Ke & Chris Marone &, 2024. "Earthquake energy dissipation in a fracture mechanics framework," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-9, December.
    6. J. Biemiller & A.-A. Gabriel & T. Ulrich, 2023. "Dueling dynamics of low-angle normal fault rupture with splay faulting and off-fault damage," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-12, December.
    7. Huihui Weng & Jean-Paul Ampuero, 2022. "Integrated rupture mechanics for slow slip events and earthquakes," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-12, December.
    8. Wei Feng & Lu Yao & Chiara Cornelio & Rodrigo Gomila & Shengli Ma & Chaoqun Yang & Luigi Germinario & Claudio Mazzoli & Giulio Di Toro, 2023. "Physical state of water controls friction of gabbro-built faults," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-9, December.

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