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Transparent dense sodium

Author

Listed:
  • Yanming Ma

    (National Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University
    Laboratory of Crystallography, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Str. 10, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland)

  • Mikhail Eremets

    (Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie, Postfach 3060, 55020 Mainz, Germany)

  • Artem R. Oganov

    (Laboratory of Crystallography, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Str. 10, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
    Moscow State University
    Present address: Department of Geosciences and New York Center for Computational Science, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-2100, USA.)

  • Yu Xie

    (National Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University)

  • Ivan Trojan

    (Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie, Postfach 3060, 55020 Mainz, Germany)

  • Sergey Medvedev

    (Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie, Postfach 3060, 55020 Mainz, Germany)

  • Andriy O. Lyakhov

    (Laboratory of Crystallography, ETH Zurich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Str. 10, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
    Present address: Department of Geosciences and New York Center for Computational Science, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794-2100, USA.)

  • Mario Valle

    (Data Analysis and Visualization Services, Swiss National Supercomputing Centre (CSCS), Cantonale Galleria 2, 6928 Manno, Switzerland)

  • Vitali Prakapenka

    (Consortium for Advanced Radiation Sources, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA)

Abstract

Li and Na show resistance Putting solids under pressure reduces the distances between their atoms, and at extremely high pressures, as electron density increases, all materials approach an ideal metal. Under pressure, then, 'simple' metals such as lithium and sodium might be expected to become increasingly better conductors. But about 10 years ago, calculations suggested that neither element responds in such a straightforward manner. Instead, it was predicted that the alkali atoms would form pairs under pressure and yield more complex structures with insulating properties. Two groups in this issue present experimental confirmation that this is the case; lithium and sodium become not more metal-like but less metal-like as pressure is applied. Ma et al. find that under about fivefold compression (200 GPa pressure), sodium transforms into a dense insulating material that is optically transparent and lacks a metallic sheen. Takahiro Matsuoka and Katsuya Shimizu show that lithium transforms from a metal to a semiconductor at twofold compression (80 GPa).

Suggested Citation

  • Yanming Ma & Mikhail Eremets & Artem R. Oganov & Yu Xie & Ivan Trojan & Sergey Medvedev & Andriy O. Lyakhov & Mario Valle & Vitali Prakapenka, 2009. "Transparent dense sodium," Nature, Nature, vol. 458(7235), pages 182-185, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:458:y:2009:i:7235:d:10.1038_nature07786
    DOI: 10.1038/nature07786
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    Cited by:

    1. M. I. Eremets & V. S. Minkov & P. P. Kong & A. P. Drozdov & S. Chariton & V. B. Prakapenka, 2023. "Universal diamond edge Raman scale to 0.5 terapascal and implications for the metallization of hydrogen," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-8, December.
    2. Yaxin Jiang & Hao Xiong & Tianping Ying & Guo Tian & Xiao Chen & Fei Wei, 2024. "Ultrasmall single-layered NbSe2 nanotubes flattened within a chemical-driven self-pressurized carbon nanotube," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-8, December.
    3. Yan Liu & Rui Wang & Zhigang Wang & Da Li & Tian Cui, 2022. "Formation of twelve-fold iodine coordination at high pressure," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-7, December.
    4. Danae N. Polsin & Amy Lazicki & Xuchen Gong & Stephen J. Burns & Federica Coppari & Linda E. Hansen & Brian J. Henderson & Margaret F. Huff & Malcolm I. McMahon & Marius Millot & Reetam Paul & Raymond, 2022. "Structural complexity in ramp-compressed sodium to 480 GPa," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-7, December.
    5. Xiaoyang Wang & Zhenyu Wang & Pengyue Gao & Chengqian Zhang & Jian Lv & Han Wang & Haifeng Liu & Yanchao Wang & Yanming Ma, 2023. "Data-driven prediction of complex crystal structures of dense lithium," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-6, December.

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