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The Trichoplax genome and the nature of placozoans

Author

Listed:
  • Mansi Srivastava

    (University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA)

  • Emina Begovic

    (University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
    Walnut Creek, California 94598, USA)

  • Jarrod Chapman

    (Walnut Creek, California 94598, USA)

  • Nicholas H. Putnam

    (Walnut Creek, California 94598, USA
    Present address: Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA.)

  • Uffe Hellsten

    (Walnut Creek, California 94598, USA)

  • Takeshi Kawashima

    (University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
    Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Uruma, Okinawa 904-2234, Japan)

  • Alan Kuo

    (Walnut Creek, California 94598, USA)

  • Therese Mitros

    (University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA)

  • Asaf Salamov

    (Walnut Creek, California 94598, USA)

  • Meredith L. Carpenter

    (University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA)

  • Ana Y. Signorovitch

    (Cellular, and Developmental Biology
    and)

  • Maria A. Moreno

    (Cellular, and Developmental Biology)

  • Kai Kamm

    (Institut für Tierökologie und Zellbiologie, Stiftung Tieraerztliche Hochschule Hannover, Bünteweg 17d, D-30559 Hannover, Germany)

  • Jane Grimwood

    (Stanford Human Genome Center, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94304, USA)

  • Jeremy Schmutz

    (Stanford Human Genome Center, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94304, USA)

  • Harris Shapiro

    (Walnut Creek, California 94598, USA)

  • Igor V. Grigoriev

    (Walnut Creek, California 94598, USA)

  • Leo W. Buss

    (and
    Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA)

  • Bernd Schierwater

    (Cellular, and Developmental Biology
    Institut für Tierökologie und Zellbiologie, Stiftung Tieraerztliche Hochschule Hannover, Bünteweg 17d, D-30559 Hannover, Germany)

  • Stephen L. Dellaporta

    (Cellular, and Developmental Biology)

  • Daniel S. Rokhsar

    (University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
    Walnut Creek, California 94598, USA)

Abstract

As arguably the simplest free-living animals, placozoans may represent a primitive metazoan form, yet their biology is poorly understood. Here we report the sequencing and analysis of the ∼98 million base pair nuclear genome of the placozoan Trichoplax adhaerens. Whole-genome phylogenetic analysis suggests that placozoans belong to a ‘eumetazoan’ clade that includes cnidarians and bilaterians, with sponges as the earliest diverging animals. The compact genome shows conserved gene content, gene structure and synteny in relation to the human and other complex eumetazoan genomes. Despite the apparent cellular and organismal simplicity of Trichoplax, its genome encodes a rich array of transcription factor and signalling pathway genes that are typically associated with diverse cell types and developmental processes in eumetazoans, motivating further searches for cryptic cellular complexity and/or as yet unobserved life history stages.

Suggested Citation

  • Mansi Srivastava & Emina Begovic & Jarrod Chapman & Nicholas H. Putnam & Uffe Hellsten & Takeshi Kawashima & Alan Kuo & Therese Mitros & Asaf Salamov & Meredith L. Carpenter & Ana Y. Signorovitch & Ma, 2008. "The Trichoplax genome and the nature of placozoans," Nature, Nature, vol. 454(7207), pages 955-960, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:454:y:2008:i:7207:d:10.1038_nature07191
    DOI: 10.1038/nature07191
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    Cited by:

    1. Bob Zimmermann & Juan D. Montenegro & Sofia M. C. Robb & Whitney J. Fropf & Lukas Weilguny & Shuonan He & Shiyuan Chen & Jessica Lovegrove-Walsh & Eric M. Hill & Cheng-Yi Chen & Katerina Ragkousi & Da, 2023. "Topological structures and syntenic conservation in sea anemone genomes," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-16, December.
    2. Minjun Jin & Wanqing Li & Zhongyu Ji & Guotao Di & Meng Yuan & Yifan Zhang & Yunsi Kang & Chengtian Zhao, 2024. "Coordinated cellular behavior regulated by epinephrine neurotransmitters in the nerveless placozoa," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-13, December.
    3. Christine Guzman & Kurato Mohri & Ryotaro Nakamura & Minato Miyake & Yuko Tsuchiya & Kentaro Tomii & Hiroshi Watanabe, 2024. "Neuronal and non-neuronal functions of the synaptic cell adhesion molecule neurexin in Nematostella vectensis," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-14, December.
    4. Arunkumar Krishnan & Markus Sällman Almén & Robert Fredriksson & Helgi B Schiöth, 2012. "The Origin of GPCRs: Identification of Mammalian like Rhodopsin, Adhesion, Glutamate and Frizzled GPCRs in Fungi," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 7(1), pages 1-15, January.
    5. Julia Baranyk & Kristen Malir & Miguel A. P. Silva & Sakura Rieck & Gracie Scheve & Nagayasu Nakanishi, 2025. "Structural, molecular and developmental evidence for cell-type diversity in cnidarian mechanosensory neurons," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-12, December.

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