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A second class of chemosensory receptors in the olfactory epithelium

Author

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  • Stephen D. Liberles

    (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

  • Linda B. Buck

    (Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center)

Abstract

The mammalian olfactory system detects chemicals sensed as odours as well as social cues that stimulate innate responses. Odorants are detected in the nasal olfactory epithelium by the odorant receptor family, whose ∼1,000 members allow the discrimination of a myriad of odorants. Here we report the discovery of a second family of receptors in the mouse olfactory epithelium. Genes encoding these receptors, called ‘trace amine-associated receptors’ (TAARs), are present in human, mouse and fish. Like odorant receptors, individual mouse TAARs are expressed in unique subsets of neurons dispersed in the epithelium. Notably, at least three mouse TAARs recognize volatile amines found in urine: one detects a compound linked to stress, whereas the other two detect compounds enriched in male versus female urine—one of which is reportedly a pheromone. The evolutionary conservation of the TAAR family suggests a chemosensory function distinct from odorant receptors. Ligands identified for TAARs thus far suggest a function associated with the detection of social cues.

Suggested Citation

  • Stephen D. Liberles & Linda B. Buck, 2006. "A second class of chemosensory receptors in the olfactory epithelium," Nature, Nature, vol. 442(7103), pages 645-650, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:442:y:2006:i:7103:d:10.1038_nature05066
    DOI: 10.1038/nature05066
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    Cited by:

    1. Arunkumar Krishnan & Markus Sällman Almén & Robert Fredriksson & Helgi B Schiöth, 2014. "Insights into the Origin of Nematode Chemosensory GPCRs: Putative Orthologs of the Srw Family Are Found across Several Phyla of Protostomes," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(3), pages 1-12, March.
    2. Maxime Policarpo & Maude W. Baldwin & Didier Casane & Walter Salzburger, 2024. "Diversity and evolution of the vertebrate chemoreceptor gene repertoire," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-17, December.
    3. Gregory Zilberg & Alexandra K. Parpounas & Audrey L. Warren & Shifan Yang & Daniel Wacker, 2024. "Molecular basis of human trace amine-associated receptor 1 activation," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-14, December.
    4. Hao-Ching Jiang & Sung Jin Park & I-Hao Wang & Daniel M. Bear & Alexandra Nowlan & Paul L. Greer, 2024. "CD20/MS4A1 is a mammalian olfactory receptor expressed in a subset of olfactory sensory neurons that mediates innate avoidance of predators," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-17, December.
    5. Anastasiia Gusach & Yang Lee & Armin Nikpour Khoshgrudi & Elizaveta Mukhaleva & Ning Ma & Eline J. Koers & Qingchao Chen & Patricia C. Edwards & Fanglu Huang & Jonathan Kim & Filippo Mancia & Dmitry B, 2024. "Molecular recognition of an odorant by the murine trace amine-associated receptor TAAR7f," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-12, December.

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