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CONSTANS mediates between the circadian clock and the control of flowering in Arabidopsis

Author

Listed:
  • Paula Suárez-López

    (John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park)

  • Kay Wheatley

    (John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park)

  • Frances Robson

    (John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park
    University of Auckland)

  • Hitoshi Onouchi

    (John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park
    Hokkaido University)

  • Federico Valverde

    (John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park)

  • George Coupland

    (John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park
    Max-Planck-Institut für Züchtungsforschung)

Abstract

Flowering is often triggered by exposing plants to appropriate day lengths. This response requires an endogenous timer called the circadian clock to measure the duration of the day or night1. This timer also controls daily rhythms in gene expression and behavioural patterns such as leaf movements. Several Arabidopsis mutations affect both circadian processes and flowering time2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10; but how the effect of these mutations on the circadian clock is related to their influence on flowering remains unknown. Here we show that expression of CONSTANS (CO), a gene that accelerates flowering in response to long days11, is modulated by the circadian clock and day length. Expression of a CO target gene, called FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), is restricted to a similar time of day as expression of CO. Three mutations that affect circadian rhythms and flowering time alter CO and FT expression in ways that are consistent with their effects on flowering. In addition, the late flowering phenotype of such mutants is corrected by overexpressing CO. Thus, CO acts between the circadian clock and the control of flowering, suggesting mechanisms by which day length regulates flowering time.

Suggested Citation

  • Paula Suárez-López & Kay Wheatley & Frances Robson & Hitoshi Onouchi & Federico Valverde & George Coupland, 2001. "CONSTANS mediates between the circadian clock and the control of flowering in Arabidopsis," Nature, Nature, vol. 410(6832), pages 1116-1120, April.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:410:y:2001:i:6832:d:10.1038_35074138
    DOI: 10.1038/35074138
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    Cited by:

    1. Welch, S.M. & Roe, J.L. & Das, S. & Dong, Z. & He, R. & Kirkham, M.B., 2005. "Merging genomic control networks and soil-plant-atmosphere-continuum models," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 86(3), pages 243-274, December.
    2. Filippos Bantis & Anna Gkotzamani & Christodoulos Dangitsis & Athanasios Koukounaras, 2022. "A Light Recipe including Far-Red Wavelength during Healing of Grafted Watermelon Seedlings Enhances the Floral Development and Yield Earliness," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-10, July.
    3. Musa Al Murad & Kaukab Razi & Byoung Ryong Jeong & Prakash Muthu Arjuna Samy & Sowbiya Muneer, 2021. "Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) as Agricultural Lighting: Impact and Its Potential on Improving Physiology, Flowering, and Secondary Metabolites of Crops," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(4), pages 1-25, February.
    4. Enrico Coen & Przemyslaw Prusinkiewicz, 2024. "Developmental timing in plants," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-13, December.

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