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‘Green revolution’ genes encode mutant gibberellin response modulators

Author

Listed:
  • Jinrong Peng
  • Donald E. Richards
  • Nigel M. Hartley

    (John Innes Centre)

  • George P. Murphy

    (John Innes Centre)

  • Katrien M. Devos

    (John Innes Centre)

  • John E. Flintham

    (John Innes Centre)

  • James Beales

    (John Innes Centre)

  • Leslie J. Fish

    (John Innes Centre)

  • Anthony J. Worland

    (John Innes Centre)

  • Fatima Pelica

    (John Innes Centre)

  • Duraialagaraja Sudhakar

    (Tamil Nadu Agricultural University)

  • Paul Christou

    (John Innes Centre)

  • John W. Snape

    (John Innes Centre)

  • Michael D. Gale

    (John Innes Centre)

  • Nicholas P. Harberd

    (John Innes Centre)

Abstract

World wheat grain yields increased substantially in the 1960s and 1970s because farmers rapidly adopted the new varieties and cultivation methods of the so-called ‘green revolution’1,2,3,4. The new varieties are shorter, increase grain yield at the expense of straw biomass, and are more resistant to damage by wind and rain3,4. These wheats are short because they respond abnormally to the plant growth hormone gibberellin. This reduced response to gibberellin is conferred by mutant dwarfing alleles at one of two Reduced height-1 (Rht-B1 and Rht-D1) loci4,5. Here we show that Rht-B1/Rht-D1 and maize dwarf-8 (d8)6,7 are orthologues of the Arabidopsis Gibberellin Insensitive (GAI) gene8,9. These genes encode proteins that resemble nuclear transcription factors and contain an SH2-like10 domain, indicating that phosphotyrosine may participate in gibberellin signalling. Six different orthologous dwarfing mutant alleles encode proteins that are altered in a conserved amino-terminal gibberellin signalling domain. Transgenic rice plants containing a mutant GAI allele give reduced responses to gibberellin and are dwarfed, indicating that mutant GAI orthologues could be used to increase yield in a wide range of crop species.

Suggested Citation

  • Jinrong Peng & Donald E. Richards & Nigel M. Hartley & George P. Murphy & Katrien M. Devos & John E. Flintham & James Beales & Leslie J. Fish & Anthony J. Worland & Fatima Pelica & Duraialagaraja Sudh, 1999. "‘Green revolution’ genes encode mutant gibberellin response modulators," Nature, Nature, vol. 400(6741), pages 256-261, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:400:y:1999:i:6741:d:10.1038_22307
    DOI: 10.1038/22307
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    Cited by:

    1. Liqiang Song & Ruihui Wang & Xueju Yang & Aimin Zhang & Dongcheng Liu, 2023. "Molecular Markers and Their Applications in Marker-Assisted Selection (MAS) in Bread Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.)," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(3), pages 1-18, March.
    2. Huali Yang & Qinqin Yang & Yiwei Kang & Miao Zhang & Xiaodeng Zhan & Liyong Cao & Shihua Cheng & Weixun Wu & Yingxin Zhang, 2022. "Finding Stable QTL for Plant Height in Super Hybrid Rice," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-10, January.
    3. Wenlong Yang & Ameer Ahmed Mirbahar & Muhammad Shoaib & Xueyuan Lou & Linhe Sun & Jiazhu Sun & Kehui Zhan & Aimin Zhang, 2022. "The Carotenoid Cleavage Dioxygenase Gene CCD7-B , at Large, Is Associated with Tillering in Common Wheat," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(2), pages 1-14, February.
    4. Shichen Li & Zhihui Sun & Qing Sang & Chao Qin & Lingping Kong & Xin Huang & Huan Liu & Tong Su & Haiyang Li & Milan He & Chao Fang & Lingshuang Wang & Shuangrong Liu & Bin Liu & Baohui Liu & Xiangdon, 2023. "Soybean reduced internode 1 determines internode length and improves grain yield at dense planting," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-13, December.
    5. Eva Johansson & Faraz Muneer & Thomas Prade, 2023. "Plant Breeding to Mitigate Climate Change—Present Status and Opportunities with an Assessment of Winter Wheat Cultivation in Northern Europe as an Example," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-14, August.
    6. Taikui Zhang & Weichen Huang & Lin Zhang & De-Zhu Li & Ji Qi & Hong Ma, 2024. "Phylogenomic profiles of whole-genome duplications in Poaceae and landscape of differential duplicate retention and losses among major Poaceae lineages," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-27, December.
    7. Jiaqi Sun & Shiyu Huang & Qing Lu & Shuo Li & Shizhen Zhao & Xiaojian Zheng & Qian Zhou & Wenxiao Zhang & Jie Li & Lili Wang & Ke Zhang & Wenyu Zheng & Xianzhong Feng & Baohui Liu & Fanjiang Kong & Fe, 2023. "UV-B irradiation-activated E3 ligase GmILPA1 modulates gibberellin catabolism to increase plant height in soybean," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-17, December.
    8. Zhanglun Sun & Tianrun Mei & Tingting Feng & Hao Ai & Yafeng Ye & Sumei Duan & Binmei Liu & Xianzhong Huang, 2023. "Deletion of the OsLA1 Gene Leads to Multi-Tillering and Lazy Phenotypes in Rice," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(11), pages 1-11, November.

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