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Early-blind human subjects localize sound sources better than sighted subjects

Author

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  • N. Lessard

    (Groupe de Recherche en Neuropsychologie Exprimentale, and Centre de Recherche en Sciences Neurologiques, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ.Centre-ville)

  • M. Paré

    (Centre de Recherche en Sciences Neurologiques, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ.Centre-ville)

  • F. Lepore

    (Groupe de Recherche en Neuropsychologie Exprimentale, and Centre de Recherche en Sciences Neurologiques, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ.Centre-ville
    Centre de Recherche en Sciences Neurologiques, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ.Centre-ville)

  • M. Lassonde

    (Groupe de Recherche en Neuropsychologie Exprimentale, and Centre de Recherche en Sciences Neurologiques, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ.Centre-ville
    Centre de Recherche en Sciences Neurologiques, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succ.Centre-ville)

Abstract

Do blind persons develop capacities of their remaining senses that exceed those of sighted individuals? Besides anecdotal suggestions, two views based on experimental studies have been advanced1. The first proposes that blind individuals should be severely impaired, given that vision is essential to develop spatial concepts2. The second suggests that compensation occurs through the remaining senses, allowing them to develop an accurate concept of space3. Here we investigate how an ecologically critical function, namely three-dimensional spatial mapping, is carried out by early-blind individuals with or without residual vision. Subjects were tested under monaural and binaural listening conditions. We find that early-blind subjects can map the auditory environment with equal or better accuracy than sighted subjects. Furthermore, unlike sighted subjects, they can correctly localize sounds monaurally. Surprisingly, blind individuals with residual peripheral vision localized sounds less precisely than sighted or totally blind subjects, confirming that compensation varies according to the aetiology and extent of blindness4. Our results resolve a long-standing controversy in that they provide behavioural evidence that totally blind individuals have better auditory ability than sighted subjects, enabling them to compensate for their loss of vision.

Suggested Citation

  • N. Lessard & M. Paré & F. Lepore & M. Lassonde, 1998. "Early-blind human subjects localize sound sources better than sighted subjects," Nature, Nature, vol. 395(6699), pages 278-280, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:nature:v:395:y:1998:i:6699:d:10.1038_26228
    DOI: 10.1038/26228
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    Cited by:

    1. Liam J Norman & Caitlin Dodsworth & Denise Foresteire & Lore Thaler, 2021. "Human click-based echolocation: Effects of blindness and age, and real-life implications in a 10-week training program," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(6), pages 1-34, June.
    2. Takahiro Miura & Naoyuki Okochi & Junya Suzuki & Tohru Ifukube, 2023. "Binaural Listening with Head Rotation Helps Persons with Blindness Perceive Narrow Obstacles," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(8), pages 1-14, April.
    3. Daniel-Robert Chebat & Shachar Maidenbaum & Amir Amedi, 2015. "Navigation Using Sensory Substitution in Real and Virtual Mazes," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(6), pages 1-18, June.
    4. Kadjita Asumbisa & Adrien Peyrache & Stuart Trenholm, 2022. "Flexible cue anchoring strategies enable stable head direction coding in both sighted and blind animals," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-15, December.

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