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The drivers of sustained use of liquified petroleum gas in India

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Listed:
  • Sunil Mani

    (Environment and Water)

  • Abhishek Jain

    (Environment and Water)

  • Saurabh Tripathi

    (Environment and Water)

  • Carlos F. Gould

    (Columbia Mailman School of Public Health)

Abstract

Ninety-five per cent of Indian households now have access to liquified petroleum gas (LPG), with 80 million acquiring it under the Pradhan Mantri Ujjwala Yojana (PMUY) since 2016. Still, having a connection is not enough to eliminate household air pollution. Studying panel data from rural households in six major states from 2014–2015 and 2018, we assess the determinants of cooking energy transition from solid fuels to LPG. We find that PMUY beneficiaries have much lower odds of using LPG as the primary or exclusive fuel compared with general customers, irrespective of their economic status. Village-level penetration of LPG as a primary fuel and the years of LPG use positively influence its sustained use, while ease of access to freely available biomass and reliance on uncertain and irregular income sources hinder LPG use. The findings highlight the need to interlace cooking fuel policies with rural development, to enable a complete transition towards cleaner cooking fuels.

Suggested Citation

  • Sunil Mani & Abhishek Jain & Saurabh Tripathi & Carlos F. Gould, 2020. "The drivers of sustained use of liquified petroleum gas in India," Nature Energy, Nature, vol. 5(6), pages 450-457, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natene:v:5:y:2020:i:6:d:10.1038_s41560-020-0596-7
    DOI: 10.1038/s41560-020-0596-7
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    Cited by:

    1. Talevi, Marta & Pattanayak, Subhrendu K. & Das, Ipsita & Lewis, Jessica J. & Singha, Ashok K., 2022. "Speaking from experience: Preferences for cooking with biogas in rural India," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 107(C).
    2. Gill-Wiehl, A. & Ray, I. & Kammen, D., 2021. "Is clean cooking affordable? A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 151(C).
    3. Jeuland, Marc & Desai, Manish A. & Bair, Elizabeth F. & Mohideen Abdul Cader, Nafeesa & Natesan, Durairaj & Isaac, Wilson Jayakaran & Sambandam, Sankar & Balakrishnan, Kalpana & Thangavel, Gurusamy & , 2023. "A randomized trial of price subsidies for liquefied petroleum cooking gas among low-income households in rural India," World Development Perspectives, Elsevier, vol. 30(C).
    4. Guta, Dawit & Zerriffi, Hisham & Baumgartner, Jill & Jain, Abhishek & Mani, Sunil & Jack, Darby & Carter, Ellison & Shen, Guofeng & Orgill-Meyer, Jennifer & Rosenthal, Joshua & Dickinson, Katherine & , 2024. "Moving Beyond Clean Cooking Energy adoption: Using Indian ACCESS panel data to understand solid fuel suspension," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 184(C).
    5. Sharma, Rachit & Hossain, Md Mahbub, 2020. "Household air pollution and COVID-19 risk in India: A potential concern," SocArXiv 4ghde, Center for Open Science.
    6. Lei, Mingyu & Cai, Wenjia & Liu, Wenling & Wang, Can, 2022. "The heterogeneity in energy consumption patterns and home appliance purchasing preferences across urban households in China," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 253(C).
    7. Vyas, Sangita & Gupta, Aashish & Khalid, Nazar, 2021. "Gender and LPG use after government intervention in rural north India," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 148(C).
    8. Kimball C. Chen & Matthew Leach & Mairi J. Black & Meron Tesfamichael & Francis Kemausuor & Patrick Littlewood & Terry Marker & Onesmus Mwabonje & Yacob Mulugetta & Richard J. Murphy & Rocio Diaz-Chav, 2021. "BioLPG for Clean Cooking in Sub-Saharan Africa: Present and Future Feasibility of Technologies, Feedstocks, Enabling Conditions and Financing," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-22, June.
    9. Bharti Nandwani & Manisha Jain, 2024. "Access to clean cooking fuel and women outcomes," Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai Working Papers 2024-017, Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai, India.
    10. Utkarsh Patel & Deepak Kumar, 2020. "The Indian Energy Divide: Dissecting inequalities in the energy transition towards LPG," Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER) Working Paper 401, Indian Council for Research on International Economic Relations (ICRIER), New Delhi, India.
    11. Dalia Fadly & Francisco Fontes & Miet Maertens, 2023. "Fuel for food: Access to clean cooking fuel and food security in India," Food Security: The Science, Sociology and Economics of Food Production and Access to Food, Springer;The International Society for Plant Pathology, vol. 15(2), pages 301-321, April.
    12. Gould, Carlos F. & Jha, Shaily & Patnaik, Sasmita & Agrawal, Shalu & Zhang, Alice Tianbo & Saluja, Sonakshi & Nandan, Vagisha & Mani, Sunil & Urpelainen, Johannes, 2022. "Variability in the household use of cooking fuels: The importance of dishes cooked, non-cooking end uses, and seasonality in understanding fuel stacking in rural and urban slum communities in six nort," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    13. Chindarkar, Namrata & Jain, Abhishek & Mani, Sunil, 2021. "Examining the willingness-to-pay for exclusive use of LPG for cooking among rural households in India," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 150(C).
    14. Kojima,Masami & Zhou,Xin, 2022. "Household Use of Bottled Gas for Cooking : Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa," Policy Research Working Paper Series 10089, The World Bank.
    15. Aggarwal, R.K. & Chandel, Shyam Singh & Yadav, Priya & Khosla, Atul, 2021. "Perspective of new innovative biogas technology policy implementation for sustainable development in India," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    16. Iva Čukić & Chris Kypridemos & Alex W. Evans & Daniel Pope & Elisa Puzzolo, 2021. "Towards Sustainable Development Goal 7 “Universal Access to Clean Modern Energy”: National Strategy in Rwanda to Scale Clean Cooking with Bottled Gas," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(15), pages 1-19, July.
    17. Simon Batchelor & Ed Brown & Nigel Scott & Matthew Leach & Anna Clements & Jon Leary, 2022. "Mutual Support—Modern Energy Planning Inclusive of Cooking—A Review of Research into Action in Africa and Asia since 2018," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(16), pages 1-29, August.
    18. Nihit Goyal, 2021. "Limited Demand or Unreliable Supply? A Bibliometric Review and Computational Text Analysis of Research on Energy Policy in India," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-23, December.
    19. Gill-Wiehl, Annelise & Brown, Timothy & Smith, Kirk, 2022. "The need to prioritize consumption: A difference-in-differences approach to analyze the total effect of India's below-the-poverty-line policies on LPG use," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 164(C).

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