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Optical time-lapsed in situ mechanochemical studies on metal halide perovskite systems

Author

Listed:
  • Yonghao Xiao

    (Nanyang Technological University)

  • David G. Bradley

    (University of Warwick)

  • Wei Xin Chan

    (Nanyang Technological University)

  • Xinwen Hu

    (Nanyang Technological University)

  • Lian Xiao

    (Nanyang Technological University)

  • Zhenpeng Liu

    (Nanyang Technological University)

  • Zi Yang Tan

    (Nanyang Technological University)

  • Xin Zhao

    (Nanyang Technological University)

  • Chenfei Li

    (Nanyang Technological University)

  • Mansour Sadek

    (Nanyang Technological University)

  • Vikash Kumar Ravi

    (Nanyang Technological University)

  • Ying Hern Tam

    (Nanyang Technological University)

  • Xiaotao Wang

    (Yuncheng Vocational and Technical University)

  • Felipe García

    (Clayton)

  • Handong Sun

    (University of Macau)

  • Seow Chin Low

    (EnterpriseOne)

  • Poh Boon Phua

    (EnterpriseOne)

  • Tze Chien Sum

    (Nanyang Technological University)

  • Xiuwen Zhou

    (2 George Street
    The University of Queensland)

  • Yee-Fun Lim

    (1 Pesek Road)

  • John V. Hanna

    (University of Warwick
    Nanyang Technological University)

  • Han Sen Soo

    (Nanyang Technological University)

Abstract

Metal halide perovskites are attractive for optoelectronic applications, but the existing solution-based synthetic methods rely on hazardous solvents and lack reproducibility. To overcome these challenges, solvent-free mechanochemical synthesis of perovskites can be conducted, although traditional opaque ball milling equipment hinder real-time monitoring of the reaction progress. Herein, mechanochemistry was performed with time-lapsed in situ (TLIS) measurements to elucidate the optical properties during the synthesis. The TLIS spectrometer enabled real-time observation of the impact of varying the compositions on the absorption properties of formamidinium/methylammonium lead iodide (FAxMA1-xPbI3, x = 0 to 1) and facilitated optimization of the synthesis duration. Moreover, we can accelerate the evaluation and directly observe the effects of different synthetic strategies for enhancing the photoluminescence quantum yield and stability of the perovskites, providing near-infrared (NIR) emitting tin-based perovskites FASnIzBr3-z (where z = 0 to 3) with core-shell structures. Intriguingly, halide ion migration was deduced in lead-free double perovskites Cs2NayAg1-yBiCl6 (y = 0 to 1.0) at room temperature during aging after mechanochemical activation. Our work provides insights into the mechanochemistry of compounds with low thermodynamic barriers.

Suggested Citation

  • Yonghao Xiao & David G. Bradley & Wei Xin Chan & Xinwen Hu & Lian Xiao & Zhenpeng Liu & Zi Yang Tan & Xin Zhao & Chenfei Li & Mansour Sadek & Vikash Kumar Ravi & Ying Hern Tam & Xiaotao Wang & Felipe , 2025. "Optical time-lapsed in situ mechanochemical studies on metal halide perovskite systems," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-14, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:16:y:2025:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-025-56571-w
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-56571-w
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Dongqin Bi & Xiong Li & Jovana V. Milić & Dominik J. Kubicki & Norman Pellet & Jingshan Luo & Thomas LaGrange & Pierre Mettraux & Lyndon Emsley & Shaik M. Zakeeruddin & Michael Grätzel, 2018. "Multifunctional molecular modulators for perovskite solar cells with over 20% efficiency and high operational stability," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 9(1), pages 1-10, December.
    2. Giulio I. Lampronti & Adam A. L. Michalchuk & Paolo P. Mazzeo & Ana M. Belenguer & Jeremy K. M. Sanders & Alessia Bacchi & Franziska Emmerling, 2021. "Changing the game of time resolved X-ray diffraction on the mechanochemistry playground by downsizing," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-9, December.
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