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Artificial fingerprints engraved through block-copolymers as nanoscale physical unclonable functions for authentication and identification

Author

Listed:
  • Irdi Murataj

    (INRiM (Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica))

  • Chiara Magosso

    (INRiM (Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica)
    Politecnico di Torino)

  • Stefano Carignano

    (Barcelona Supercomputing Center)

  • Matteo Fretto

    (INRiM (Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica))

  • Federico Ferrarese Lupi

    (INRiM (Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica))

  • Gianluca Milano

    (INRiM (Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica))

Abstract

Besides causing financial losses and damage to the brand’s reputation, counterfeiting can threaten the health system and global security. In this context, physical unclonable functions (PUFs) have been proposed to overcome limitations of current anti-counterfeiting technologies. Here, we report on artificial fingerprints that can be directly engraved on a wide range of substrates through self-assembled block-copolymer templating as nanoscale PUFs for secure authentication and identification. Results show that morphological features can be exploited to encode fingerprint-like nanopatterns in binary code matrices representing a unique bit stream of information characterized by high uniqueness and entropy. A strategy based on computer vision concepts for authentication/identification in real-world scenarios is reported. Long-term reliable operation and robust authentication/identification against thermal treatment at cryogenic and high temperatures of the PUF have been demonstrated. These results pave the way for the realization of PUFs embracing the inherent stochasticity of self-assembled materials at the nanoscale.

Suggested Citation

  • Irdi Murataj & Chiara Magosso & Stefano Carignano & Matteo Fretto & Federico Ferrarese Lupi & Gianluca Milano, 2024. "Artificial fingerprints engraved through block-copolymers as nanoscale physical unclonable functions for authentication and identification," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-12, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:15:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-024-54492-8
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-54492-8
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Yuqing Gu & Chang He & Yuqing Zhang & Li Lin & Benjamin David Thackray & Jian Ye, 2020. "Gap-enhanced Raman tags for physically unclonable anticounterfeiting labels," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 11(1), pages 1-13, December.
    2. Ningfei Sun & Ziyu Chen & Yanke Wang & Shu Wang & Yong Xie & Qian Liu, 2023. "Random fractal-enabled physical unclonable functions with dynamic AI authentication," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-10, December.
    3. Carsten Fink & Keith E. Maskus & Yi Qian, 2016. "The Economic Effects of Counterfeiting and Piracy: A Review and Implications for Developing Countries," The World Bank Research Observer, World Bank, vol. 31(1), pages 1-28.
    4. Tianjiao Ma & Tiantian Li & Liangwei Zhou & Xiaodong Ma & Jie Yin & Xuesong Jiang, 2020. "Dynamic wrinkling pattern exhibiting tunable fluorescence for anticounterfeiting applications," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 11(1), pages 1-8, December.
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