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A viral protein activates the MAPK pathway to promote viral infection by downregulating callose deposition in plants

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  • Lixiao Feng

    (Biology College of Hunan University
    Ningbo University)

  • Xiangwen Luo

    (Institute of Plant Protection of Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science)

  • Liping Huang

    (Institute of Plant Protection of Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science)

  • Yu Zhang

    (Institute of Plant Protection of Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science)

  • Fangfang Li

    (Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences)

  • Shijun Li

    (Hunan Agricultural University)

  • Zhanhong Zhang

    (Biology College of Hunan University
    Institute of Plant Protection of Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science)

  • Xiao Yang

    (Biology College of Hunan University)

  • Xin Wang

    (Biology College of Hunan University)

  • Xian OuYang

    (Institute of Plant Protection of Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science
    Hunan Agricultural University)

  • Xiaobin Shi

    (Biology College of Hunan University
    Institute of Plant Protection of Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science)

  • Deyong Zhang

    (Biology College of Hunan University
    Institute of Plant Protection of Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science)

  • Xiaorong Tao

    (Nanjing Agricultural University)

  • Jianping Chen

    (Ningbo University)

  • Jian Yang

    (Ningbo University
    Yuelushan Laboratory)

  • Songbai Zhang

    (Biology College of Hunan University
    Institute of Plant Protection of Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science
    Yuelushan Laboratory)

  • Yong Liu

    (Biology College of Hunan University
    Institute of Plant Protection of Hunan Academy of Agricultural Science
    Yuelushan Laboratory)

Abstract

Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are evolutionarily conserved in both plants and animals and play critical roles in activating innate immunity to defend against various pathogens. However, the role of MAPK cascades in positively regulating or enhancing viral infections in plants is unclear. In this study, we investigate the involvement of MAPK cascades in infection by the positive-strand RNA virus tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV). Our findings reveal that ToCV infection activates MAPK cascades, promoting virus spread within plants. Specifically, ToCV P7, a pathogenicity determinant protein, localizes to the plasma membrane and recruits NbMPK3/6 from the nucleus. Subsequently, P7 is directly phosphorylated on serine 59 by NbMPK3/6. Phosphorylated P7 interacts with NbREM1.1 and inhibits its ability to induce callose deposition at plasmodesmata. These results demonstrate that NbMPK3/6 directly phosphorylate ToCV P7, modulating antiviral defence mechanisms by downregulating callose deposition at plasmodesmata and thereby enhancing ToCV transmission in N. benthamiana. This study sheds light on the intricate arms race between host defence and viral counter-defence strategies.

Suggested Citation

  • Lixiao Feng & Xiangwen Luo & Liping Huang & Yu Zhang & Fangfang Li & Shijun Li & Zhanhong Zhang & Xiao Yang & Xin Wang & Xian OuYang & Xiaobin Shi & Deyong Zhang & Xiaorong Tao & Jianping Chen & Jian , 2024. "A viral protein activates the MAPK pathway to promote viral infection by downregulating callose deposition in plants," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-18, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:15:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-024-54467-9
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-54467-9
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Jeffery L. Dangl & Jonathan D. G. Jones, 2001. "Plant pathogens and integrated defence responses to infection," Nature, Nature, vol. 411(6839), pages 826-833, June.
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