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Origins of complexity in the rheology of Soft Earth suspensions

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  • Shravan Pradeep

    (University of Pennsylvania
    University of Pennsylvania)

  • Paulo E. Arratia

    (University of Pennsylvania)

  • Douglas J. Jerolmack

    (University of Pennsylvania
    University of Pennsylvania)

Abstract

When wet soil becomes fully saturated by intense rainfall, or is shaken by an earthquake, it may fluidize catastrophically. Sand-rich slurries are treated as granular suspensions, where the failure is related to an unjamming transition, and friction is controlled by particle concentration and pore pressure. Mud flows are modeled as gels, where yielding and shear-thinning behaviors arise from inter-particle attraction and clustering. Here we show that the full range of complex flow behaviors previously reported for natural debris flows can be reproduced with three ingredients: water, silica sand, and kaolin clay. Going from sand-rich to clay-rich suspensions, we observe continuous transition from brittle (Coulomb-like) to ductile (plastic) yielding. We propose a general constitutive relation for soil suspensions, with a particle rearrangement time that is controlled by yield stress and jamming distance. Our experimental results are supported by models for amorphous solids, suggesting that the paradigm of non-equilibrium phase transitions can help us understand and predict the complex behaviors of Soft Earth suspensions.

Suggested Citation

  • Shravan Pradeep & Paulo E. Arratia & Douglas J. Jerolmack, 2024. "Origins of complexity in the rheology of Soft Earth suspensions," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-10, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:15:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-024-51357-y
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51357-y
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Yu Huang & Liuyuan Zhao, 2018. "The effects of small particles on soil seismic liquefaction resistance: current findings and future challenges," Natural Hazards: Journal of the International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, Springer;International Society for the Prevention and Mitigation of Natural Hazards, vol. 92(1), pages 567-579, May.
    2. Yujie Jiang & Ryohei Seto, 2023. "Colloidal gelation with non-sticky particles," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-8, December.
    3. Thanh Trung Vo & Saeid Nezamabadi & Patrick Mutabaruka & Jean-Yves Delenne & Farhang Radjai, 2020. "Additive rheology of complex granular flows," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 11(1), pages 1-8, December.
    4. V. Trappe & V. Prasad & Luca Cipelletti & P. N. Segre & D. A. Weitz, 2001. "Jamming phase diagram for attractive particles," Nature, Nature, vol. 411(6839), pages 772-775, June.
    5. Mohammad Nabizadeh & Safa Jamali, 2021. "Life and death of colloidal bonds control the rate-dependent rheology of gels," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-9, December.
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