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Molecular and supramolecular adaptation by coupled stimuli

Author

Listed:
  • Torsten Dünnebacke

    (Organisch-Chemisches Institut)

  • Niklas Niemeyer

    (Organisch-Chemisches Institut
    Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation)

  • Sebastian Baumert

    (Organisch-Chemisches Institut)

  • Sebastian Hochstädt

    (Institut für Physikalische Chemie)

  • Lorenz Borsdorf

    (Organisch-Chemisches Institut)

  • Michael Ryan Hansen

    (Institut für Physikalische Chemie)

  • Johannes Neugebauer

    (Organisch-Chemisches Institut
    Center for Multiscale Theory and Computation)

  • Gustavo Fernández

    (Organisch-Chemisches Institut)

Abstract

Adaptation transcends scale in both natural and artificial systems, but delineating the causative factors of this phenomenon requires urgent clarification. Herein, we unravel the molecular requirements for adaptation and establish a link to rationalize adaptive behavior on a self-assembled level. These concepts are established by analyzing a model compound exhibiting both light- and pH-responsive units, which enable the combined or independent application of different stimuli. On a molecular level, adaptation arises from coupled stimuli, as the final outcome of the system depends on their sequence of application. However, in a self-assembled state, a single stimulus suffices to induce adaptation as a result of collective molecular behavior and the reversibility of non-covalent interactions. Our findings go beyond state-of-the-art (multi)stimuli-responsive systems and allow us to draw up design guidelines for adaptive behavior both at the molecular and supramolecular levels, which are fundamental criteria for the realization of intelligent matter.

Suggested Citation

  • Torsten Dünnebacke & Niklas Niemeyer & Sebastian Baumert & Sebastian Hochstädt & Lorenz Borsdorf & Michael Ryan Hansen & Johannes Neugebauer & Gustavo Fernández, 2024. "Molecular and supramolecular adaptation by coupled stimuli," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-12, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:15:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-024-50029-1
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50029-1
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. C. Kaspar & B. J. Ravoo & W. G. Wiel & S. V. Wegner & W. H. P. Pernice, 2021. "The rise of intelligent matter," Nature, Nature, vol. 594(7863), pages 345-355, June.
    2. Yuichi Kitamoto & Ziyan Pan & Deepak D. Prabhu & Atsushi Isobe & Tomonori Ohba & Nobutaka Shimizu & Hideaki Takagi & Rie Haruki & Shin-ichi Adachi & Shiki Yagai, 2019. "One-shot preparation of topologically chimeric nanofibers via a gradient supramolecular copolymerization," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 10(1), pages 1-10, December.
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