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Three SARS-CoV-2 spike protein variants delivered intranasally by measles and mumps vaccines are broadly protective

Author

Listed:
  • Yuexiu Zhang

    (The Ohio State University)

  • Michelle Chamblee

    (The Ohio State University)

  • Jiayu Xu

    (The Ohio State University)

  • Panke Qu

    (The Ohio State University)

  • Mohamed M. Shamseldin

    (College of Medicine, The Ohio State University
    The Ohio State University
    Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ain Helwan)

  • Sung J. Yoo

    (The Ohio State University)

  • Jack Misny

    (Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital)

  • Ilada Thongpan

    (Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital)

  • Mahesh KC

    (Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital)

  • Jesse M. Hall

    (College of Medicine, The Ohio State University)

  • Yash A. Gupta

    (College of Medicine, The Ohio State University)

  • John P. Evans

    (The Ohio State University)

  • Mijia Lu

    (The Ohio State University)

  • Chengjin Ye

    (Texas Biomedical Research Institute)

  • Cheng Chih Hsu

    (The Ohio State University)

  • Xueya Liang

    (The Ohio State University)

  • Luis Martinez-Sobrido

    (Texas Biomedical Research Institute)

  • Jacob S. Yount

    (College of Medicine, The Ohio State University
    The Ohio State University)

  • Prosper N. Boyaka

    (The Ohio State University
    The Ohio State University)

  • Shan-Lu Liu

    (The Ohio State University
    College of Medicine, The Ohio State University
    The Ohio State University
    The Ohio State University)

  • Purnima Dubey

    (College of Medicine, The Ohio State University
    The Ohio State University)

  • Mark E. Peeples

    (Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children’s Hospital
    The Ohio State University
    The Ohio State University)

  • Jianrong Li

    (The Ohio State University
    The Ohio State University)

Abstract

As the new SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variants and subvariants emerge, there is an urgency to develop intranasal, broadly protective vaccines. Here, we developed highly efficacious, intranasal trivalent SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidates (TVC) based on three components of the MMR vaccine: measles virus (MeV), mumps virus (MuV) Jeryl Lynn (JL1) strain, and MuV JL2 strain. Specifically, MeV, MuV-JL1, and MuV-JL2 vaccine strains, each expressing prefusion spike (preS-6P) from a different variant of concern (VoC), were combined to generate TVCs. Intranasal immunization of IFNAR1−/− mice and female hamsters with TVCs generated high levels of S-specific serum IgG antibodies, broad neutralizing antibodies, and mucosal IgA antibodies as well as tissue-resident memory T cells in the lungs. The immunized female hamsters were protected from challenge with SARS-CoV-2 original WA1, B.1.617.2, and B.1.1.529 strains. The preexisting MeV and MuV immunity does not significantly interfere with the efficacy of TVC. Thus, the trivalent platform is a promising next-generation SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate.

Suggested Citation

  • Yuexiu Zhang & Michelle Chamblee & Jiayu Xu & Panke Qu & Mohamed M. Shamseldin & Sung J. Yoo & Jack Misny & Ilada Thongpan & Mahesh KC & Jesse M. Hall & Yash A. Gupta & John P. Evans & Mijia Lu & Chen, 2024. "Three SARS-CoV-2 spike protein variants delivered intranasally by measles and mumps vaccines are broadly protective," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-19, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:15:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-024-49443-2
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-49443-2
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
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