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Efficient characterizations of multiphoton states with an ultra-thin optical device

Author

Listed:
  • Kui An

    (Shandong University)

  • Zilei Liu

    (Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  • Ting Zhang

    (Shandong University)

  • Siqi Li

    (Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  • You Zhou

    (Fudan University
    Hefei National Laboratory)

  • Xiao Yuan

    (Peking University)

  • Leiran Wang

    (Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  • Wenfu Zhang

    (Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  • Guoxi Wang

    (Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
    University of Chinese Academy of Sciences)

  • He Lu

    (Shandong University
    Shenzhen Research Institute of Shandong University)

Abstract

Metasurface enables the generation and manipulation of multiphoton entanglement with flat optics, providing a more efficient platform for large-scale photonic quantum information processing. Here, we show that a single metasurface optical device would allow more efficient characterizations of multiphoton entangled states, such as shadow tomography, which generally requires fast and complicated control of optical setups to perform information-complete measurements, a demanding task using conventional optics. The compact and stable device here allows implementations of general positive operator valued measures with a reduced sample complexity and significantly alleviates the experimental complexity to implement shadow tomography. Integrating self-learning and calibration algorithms, we observe notable advantages in the reconstruction of multiphoton entanglement, including using fewer measurements, having higher accuracy, and being robust against experimental imperfections. Our work unveils the feasibility of metasurface as a favorable integrated optical device for efficient characterization of multiphoton entanglement, and sheds light on scalable photonic quantum technologies with ultra-thin optical devices.

Suggested Citation

  • Kui An & Zilei Liu & Ting Zhang & Siqi Li & You Zhou & Xiao Yuan & Leiran Wang & Wenfu Zhang & Guoxi Wang & He Lu, 2024. "Efficient characterizations of multiphoton states with an ultra-thin optical device," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-7, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:15:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-024-48213-4
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48213-4
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. B. A. Bell & D. Markham & D. A. Herrera-Martí & A. Marin & W. J. Wadsworth & J. G. Rarity & M. S. Tame, 2014. "Experimental demonstration of graph-state quantum secret sharing," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 5(1), pages 1-12, December.
    2. P. Walther & K. J. Resch & T. Rudolph & E. Schenck & H. Weinfurter & V. Vedral & M. Aspelmeyer & A. Zeilinger, 2005. "Experimental one-way quantum computing," Nature, Nature, vol. 434(7030), pages 169-176, March.
    3. Xing-Can Yao & Tian-Xiong Wang & Hao-Ze Chen & Wei-Bo Gao & Austin G. Fowler & Robert Raussendorf & Zeng-Bing Chen & Nai-Le Liu & Chao-Yang Lu & You-Jin Deng & Yu-Ao Chen & Jian-Wei Pan, 2012. "Experimental demonstration of topological error correction," Nature, Nature, vol. 482(7386), pages 489-494, February.
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