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Dynamic microvilli sculpt bristles at nanometric scale

Author

Listed:
  • Kyojiro N. Ikeda

    (Max Perutz Labs; University of Vienna)

  • Ilya Belevich

    (University of Helsinki)

  • Luis Zelaya-Lainez

    (TU Wien-Vienna University of Technology)

  • Lukas Orel

    (Max Perutz Labs; University of Vienna)

  • Josef Füssl

    (TU Wien-Vienna University of Technology)

  • Jaromír Gumulec

    (Masaryk University)

  • Christian Hellmich

    (TU Wien-Vienna University of Technology)

  • Eija Jokitalo

    (University of Helsinki)

  • Florian Raible

    (Max Perutz Labs; University of Vienna
    University of Vienna)

Abstract

Organisms generate shapes across size scales. Whereas patterning and morphogenesis of macroscopic tissues has been extensively studied, the principles underlying the formation of micrometric and submicrometric structures remain largely enigmatic. Individual cells of polychaete annelids, so-called chaetoblasts, are associated with the generation of chitinous bristles of highly stereotypic geometry. Here we show that bristle formation requires a chitin-producing enzyme specifically expressed in the chaetoblasts. Chaetoblasts exhibit dynamic cell surfaces with stereotypical patterns of actin-rich microvilli. These microvilli can be matched with internal and external structures of bristles reconstructed from serial block-face electron micrographs. Individual chitin teeth are deposited by microvilli in an extension-disassembly cycle resembling a biological 3D printer. Consistently, pharmacological interference with actin dynamics leads to defects in tooth formation. Our study reveals that both material and shape of bristles are encoded by the same cell, and that microvilli play a role in micro- to submicrometric sculpting of biomaterials.

Suggested Citation

  • Kyojiro N. Ikeda & Ilya Belevich & Luis Zelaya-Lainez & Lukas Orel & Josef Füssl & Jaromír Gumulec & Christian Hellmich & Eija Jokitalo & Florian Raible, 2024. "Dynamic microvilli sculpt bristles at nanometric scale," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-9, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:15:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-024-48044-3
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48044-3
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ilya Belevich & Merja Joensuu & Darshan Kumar & Helena Vihinen & Eija Jokitalo, 2016. "Microscopy Image Browser: A Platform for Segmentation and Analysis of Multidimensional Datasets," PLOS Biology, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(1), pages 1-13, January.
    2. Wei Chen & Peng Cao & Yuansheng Liu & Ailing Yu & Dong Wang & Lei Chen & Rajamanikandan Sundarraj & Zhiguang Yuchi & Yong Gong & Hans Merzendorfer & Qing Yang, 2022. "Structural basis for directional chitin biosynthesis," Nature, Nature, vol. 610(7931), pages 402-408, October.
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