IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/nat/natcom/v15y2024i1d10.1038_s41467-024-48022-9.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Post-COVID conditions following COVID-19 vaccination: a retrospective matched cohort study of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection

Author

Listed:
  • Debbie E. Malden

    (Department of Research & Evaluation)

  • In-Lu Amy Liu

    (Department of Research & Evaluation)

  • Lei Qian

    (Department of Research & Evaluation)

  • Lina S. Sy

    (Department of Research & Evaluation)

  • Bruno J. Lewin

    (Department of Research & Evaluation
    Department of Clinical Science)

  • Dawn T. Asamura

    (Department of Research & Evaluation)

  • Denison S. Ryan

    (Department of Research & Evaluation)

  • Cassandra Bezi

    (Department of Research & Evaluation)

  • Joshua T. B. Williams

    (Ambulatory Care Services & Center for Health Systems Research)

  • Robyn Kaiser

    (HealthPartners Institute)

  • Matthew F. Daley

    (Institute for Health Research)

  • Jennifer C. Nelson

    (Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute (KPWHRI))

  • David L. McClure

    (Marshfield Clinic Research Institute)

  • Ousseny Zerbo

    (Vaccine Study Center)

  • Michelle L. Henninger

    (Center for Health Research)

  • Candace C. Fuller

    (Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute)

  • Eric S. Weintraub

    (Immunization Safety Office)

  • Sharon Saydah

    (Immunization Safety Office)

  • Sara Y. Tartof

    (Department of Research & Evaluation
    Department of Health Systems Science)

Abstract

COVID-19 vaccinations protect against severe illness and death, but associations with post-COVID conditions (PCC) are less clear. We aimed to evaluate the association between prior COVID-19 vaccination and new-onset PCC among individuals with SARS-CoV-2 infection across eight large healthcare systems in the United States. This retrospective matched cohort study used electronic health records (EHR) from patients with SARS-CoV-2 positive tests during March 2021-February 2022. Vaccinated and unvaccinated COVID-19 cases were matched on location, test date, severity of acute infection, age, and sex. Vaccination status was ascertained using EHR and integrated data on externally administered vaccines. Adjusted relative risks (RRs) were obtained from Poisson regression. PCC was defined as a new diagnosis in one of 13 PCC categories 30 days to 6 months following a positive SARS-CoV-2 test. The study included 161,531 vaccinated COVID-19 cases and 161,531 matched unvaccinated cases. Compared to unvaccinated cases, vaccinated cases had a similar or lower risk of all PCC categories except mental health disorders (RR: 1.06, 95% CI: 1.02–1.10). Vaccination was associated with ≥10% lower risk of sensory (RR: 0.90, 0.86–0.95), circulatory (RR: 0.88, 0.83–0.94), blood and hematologic (RR: 0.79, 0.71–0.89), skin and subcutaneous (RR: 0.69, 0.66–0.72), and non-specific COVID-19 related disorders (RR: 0.53, 0.51–0.56). In general, associations were stronger at younger ages but mostly persisted regardless of SARS-CoV-2 variant period, receipt of ≥3 vs. 1–2 vaccine doses, or time since vaccination. Pre-infection vaccination was associated with reduced risk of several PCC outcomes and hence may decrease the long-term consequences of COVID-19.

Suggested Citation

  • Debbie E. Malden & In-Lu Amy Liu & Lei Qian & Lina S. Sy & Bruno J. Lewin & Dawn T. Asamura & Denison S. Ryan & Cassandra Bezi & Joshua T. B. Williams & Robyn Kaiser & Matthew F. Daley & Jennifer C. N, 2024. "Post-COVID conditions following COVID-19 vaccination: a retrospective matched cohort study of patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-10, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:15:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-024-48022-9
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48022-9
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-024-48022-9
    File Function: Abstract
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1038/s41467-024-48022-9?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. M. Daniel Brannock & Robert F. Chew & Alexander J. Preiss & Emily C. Hadley & Signe Redfield & Julie A. McMurry & Peter J. Leese & Andrew T. Girvin & Miles Crosskey & Andrea G. Zhou & Richard A. Moffi, 2023. "Long COVID risk and pre-COVID vaccination in an EHR-based cohort study from the RECOVER program," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-12, December.
    2. Karin Magnusson & Doris Tove Kristoffersen & Andrea Dell’Isola & Ali Kiadaliri & Aleksandra Turkiewicz & Jos Runhaar & Sita Bierma-Zeinstra & Martin Englund & Per Minor Magnus & Jonas Minet Kinge, 2022. "Post-covid medical complaints following infection with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron vs Delta variants," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
    3. Michael Marshall, 2021. "The four most urgent questions about long COVID," Nature, Nature, vol. 594(7862), pages 168-170, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Kristin Kostka & Elena Roel & Nhung T. H. Trinh & Núria Mercadé-Besora & Antonella Delmestri & Lourdes Mateu & Roger Paredes & Talita Duarte-Salles & Daniel Prieto-Alhambra & Martí Català & Annika M. , 2023. "The burden of post-acute COVID-19 symptoms in a multinational network cohort analysis," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-10, December.
    2. B-A. Reme & J. Gjesvik & K. Magnusson, 2023. "Predictors of the post-COVID condition following mild SARS-CoV-2 infection," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-9, December.
    3. Claire E. Hastie & David J. Lowe & Andrew McAuley & Nicholas L. Mills & Andrew J. Winter & Corri Black & Janet T. Scott & Catherine A. O’Donnell & David N. Blane & Susan Browne & Tracy R. Ibbotson & J, 2023. "True prevalence of long-COVID in a nationwide, population cohort study," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-6, December.
    4. Jacob Derrick & Ben Patterson & Jie Bai & Jin Wang, 2023. "A Mechanistic Model for Long COVID Dynamics," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 11(21), pages 1-16, November.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:15:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-024-48022-9. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Sonal Shukla or Springer Nature Abstracting and Indexing (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.nature.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.