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Humoral profiles of toddlers and young children following SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination

Author

Listed:
  • Nadège Nziza

    (Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard)

  • Yixiang Deng

    (Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard
    Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

  • Lianna Wood

    (Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard
    Boston Children’s Hospital, Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology)

  • Navneet Dhanoa

    (Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Pediatrics)

  • Naomi Dulit-Greenberg

    (Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Pediatrics)

  • Tina Chen

    (Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard)

  • Abigail S. Kane

    (Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Pediatrics
    Massachusetts General Hospital, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center)

  • Zoe Swank

    (Harvard Medical School
    Brigham and Women’s Hospital)

  • Jameson P. Davis

    (Massachusetts General Hospital, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center)

  • Melina Demokritou

    (Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Pediatrics)

  • Anagha P. Chitnis

    (Massachusetts General Hospital, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center)

  • Alessio Fasano

    (Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Pediatrics
    Massachusetts General Hospital, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center
    Harvard Medical School)

  • Andrea G. Edlow

    (Harvard Medical School
    Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine
    Massachusetts General Hospital, Vincent Center for Reproductive Biology)

  • Nitya Jain

    (Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Pediatrics
    Massachusetts General Hospital, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center
    Harvard Medical School)

  • Bruce H. Horwitz

    (Harvard Medical School
    Boston Children’s Hospital, Department of Emergency Medicine)

  • Ryan P. McNamara

    (Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard)

  • David R. Walt

    (Harvard Medical School
    Brigham and Women’s Hospital)

  • Douglas A. Lauffenburger

    (Massachusetts Institute of Technology)

  • Boris Julg

    (Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard
    Harvard Medical School)

  • Wayne G. Shreffler

    (Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Pediatrics
    Harvard Medical School)

  • Galit Alter

    (Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard
    Harvard Medical School)

  • Lael M. Yonker

    (Massachusetts General Hospital, Department of Pediatrics
    Massachusetts General Hospital, Mucosal Immunology and Biology Research Center
    Harvard Medical School)

Abstract

Although young children generally experience mild symptoms following infection with SARS-CoV-2, severe acute and long-term complications can occur. SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines elicit robust immunoglobulin profiles in children ages 5 years and older, and in adults, corresponding with substantial protection against hospitalizations and severe disease. Whether similar immune responses and humoral protection can be observed in vaccinated infants and young children, who have a developing and vulnerable immune system, remains poorly understood. To study the impact of mRNA vaccination on the humoral immunity of infant, we use a system serology approach to comprehensively profile antibody responses in a cohort of children ages 6 months to 5 years who were vaccinated with the mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccine (25 μg). Responses are compared with vaccinated adults (100 μg), in addition to naturally infected toddlers and young children. Despite their lower vaccine dose, vaccinated toddlers elicit a functional antibody response as strong as adults, with higher antibody-dependent phagocytosis compared to adults, without report of side effects. Moreover, mRNA vaccination is associated with a higher IgG3-dependent humoral profile against SARS-CoV-2 compared to natural infection, supporting that mRNA vaccination is effective at eliciting a robust antibody response in toddlers and young children.

Suggested Citation

  • Nadège Nziza & Yixiang Deng & Lianna Wood & Navneet Dhanoa & Naomi Dulit-Greenberg & Tina Chen & Abigail S. Kane & Zoe Swank & Jameson P. Davis & Melina Demokritou & Anagha P. Chitnis & Alessio Fasano, 2024. "Humoral profiles of toddlers and young children following SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-10, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:15:y:2024:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-024-45181-7
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45181-7
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Pinja Jalkanen & Pekka Kolehmainen & Hanni K. Häkkinen & Moona Huttunen & Paula A. Tähtinen & Rickard Lundberg & Sari Maljanen & Arttu Reinholm & Sisko Tauriainen & Sari H. Pakkanen & Iris Levonen & A, 2021. "COVID-19 mRNA vaccine induced antibody responses against three SARS-CoV-2 variants," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-11, December.
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