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HIV-1 Gag targeting to the plasma membrane reorganizes sphingomyelin-rich and cholesterol-rich lipid domains

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  • Nario Tomishige

    (Université de Strasbourg
    RIKEN CPR, Wako)

  • Maaz Nasim

    (Université de Strasbourg
    The University of Lahore)

  • Motohide Murate

    (Université de Strasbourg
    RIKEN CPR, Wako)

  • Brigitte Pollet

    (Université de Strasbourg)

  • Pascal Didier

    (Université de Strasbourg)

  • Julien Godet

    (Université de Strasbourg)

  • Ludovic Richert

    (Université de Strasbourg)

  • Yasushi Sako

    (RIKEN CPR, Wako)

  • Yves Mély

    (Université de Strasbourg)

  • Toshihide Kobayashi

    (Université de Strasbourg
    RIKEN CPR, Wako)

Abstract

Although the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 lipid envelope has been reported to be enriched with host cell sphingomyelin and cholesterol, the molecular mechanism of the enrichment is not well understood. Viral Gag protein plays a central role in virus budding. Here, we report the interaction between Gag and host cell lipids using different quantitative and super-resolution microscopy techniques in combination with specific probes that bind endogenous sphingomyelin and cholesterol. Our results indicate that Gag in the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane colocalizes with the outer leaflet sphingomyelin-rich domains and cholesterol-rich domains, enlarges sphingomyelin-rich domains, and strongly restricts the mobility of sphingomyelin-rich domains. Moreover, Gag multimerization induces sphingomyelin-rich and cholesterol-rich lipid domains to be in close proximity in a curvature-dependent manner. Our study suggests that Gag binds, coalesces, and reorganizes pre-existing lipid domains during assembly.

Suggested Citation

  • Nario Tomishige & Maaz Nasim & Motohide Murate & Brigitte Pollet & Pascal Didier & Julien Godet & Ludovic Richert & Yasushi Sako & Yves Mély & Toshihide Kobayashi, 2023. "HIV-1 Gag targeting to the plasma membrane reorganizes sphingomyelin-rich and cholesterol-rich lipid domains," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-18, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:14:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-023-42994-w
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42994-w
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Monika Bokori-Brown & Thomas G. Martin & Claire E. Naylor & Ajit K. Basak & Richard W. Titball & Christos G. Savva, 2016. "Cryo-EM structure of lysenin pore elucidates membrane insertion by an aerolysin family protein," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 7(1), pages 1-7, September.
    3. Marjetka Podobnik & Peter Savory & Nejc Rojko & Matic Kisovec & Neil Wood & Richard Hambley & Jonathan Pugh & E. Jayne Wallace & Luke McNeill & Mark Bruce & Idlir Liko & Timothy M. Allison & Shahid Me, 2016. "Crystal structure of an invertebrate cytolysin pore reveals unique properties and mechanism of assembly," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 7(1), pages 1-10, September.
    4. Christian Eggeling & Christian Ringemann & Rebecca Medda & Günter Schwarzmann & Konrad Sandhoff & Svetlana Polyakova & Vladimir N. Belov & Birka Hein & Claas von Middendorff & Andreas Schönle & Stefan, 2009. "Direct observation of the nanoscale dynamics of membrane lipids in a living cell," Nature, Nature, vol. 457(7233), pages 1159-1162, February.
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