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Transport of bound quasiparticle states in a two-dimensional boundary superfluid

Author

Listed:
  • Samuli Autti

    (Lancaster University)

  • Richard P. Haley

    (Lancaster University)

  • Asher Jennings

    (Lancaster University
    RIKEN)

  • George R. Pickett

    (Lancaster University)

  • Malcolm Poole

    (Lancaster University)

  • Roch Schanen

    (Lancaster University)

  • Arkady A. Soldatov

    (P.L. Kapitza Institute for Physical Problems of RAS)

  • Viktor Tsepelin

    (Lancaster University)

  • Jakub Vonka

    (Lancaster University
    Paul Scherrer Institute)

  • Vladislav V. Zavjalov

    (Lancaster University)

  • Dmitry E. Zmeev

    (Lancaster University)

Abstract

The B phase of superfluid 3He can be cooled into the pure superfluid regime, where the thermal quasiparticle density is negligible. The bulk superfluid is surrounded by a quantum well at the boundaries of the container, confining a sea of quasiparticles with energies below that of those in the bulk. We can create a non-equilibrium distribution of these states within the quantum well and observe the dynamics of their motion indirectly. Here we show that the induced quasiparticle currents flow diffusively in the two-dimensional system. Combining this with a direct measurement of energy conservation, we conclude that the bulk superfluid 3He is effectively surrounded by an independent two-dimensional superfluid, which is isolated from the bulk superfluid but which readily interacts with mechanical probes. Our work shows that this two-dimensional quantum condensate and the dynamics of the surface bound states are experimentally accessible, opening the possibility of engineering two-dimensional quantum condensates of arbitrary topology.

Suggested Citation

  • Samuli Autti & Richard P. Haley & Asher Jennings & George R. Pickett & Malcolm Poole & Roch Schanen & Arkady A. Soldatov & Viktor Tsepelin & Jakub Vonka & Vladislav V. Zavjalov & Dmitry E. Zmeev, 2023. "Transport of bound quasiparticle states in a two-dimensional boundary superfluid," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-10, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:14:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-023-42520-y
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42520-y
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. S. Autti & P. J. Heikkinen & J. Nissinen & J. T. Mäkinen & G. E. Volovik & V. V. Zavyalov & V. B. Eltsov, 2022. "Nonlinear two-level dynamics of quantum time crystals," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
    2. P. J. Heikkinen & A. Casey & L. V. Levitin & X. Rojas & A. Vorontsov & P. Sharma & N. Zhelev & J. M. Parpia & J. Saunders, 2021. "Fragility of surface states in topological superfluid 3He," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-8, December.
    3. S. Autti & S. L. Ahlstrom & R. P. Haley & A. Jennings & G. R. Pickett & M. Poole & R. Schanen & A. A. Soldatov & V. Tsepelin & J. Vonka & T. Wilcox & A. J. Woods & D. E. Zmeev, 2020. "Fundamental dissipation due to bound fermions in the zero-temperature limit," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 11(1), pages 1-7, December.
    4. D. Lotnyk & A. Eyal & N. Zhelev & T. S. Abhilash & E. N. Smith & M. Terilli & J. Wilson & E. Mueller & D. Einzel & J. Saunders & J. M. Parpia, 2020. "Thermal transport of helium-3 in a strongly confining channel," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 11(1), pages 1-12, December.
    5. I. Todoshchenko & M. Kamada & J.-P. Kaikkonen & Y. Liao & A. Savin & M. Will & E. Sergeicheva & T. S. Abhilash & E. Kauppinen & P. J. Hakonen, 2022. "Topologically-imposed vacancies and mobile solid 3He on carbon nanotube," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
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