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Spatial and temporal dynamics of West Nile virus between Africa and Europe

Author

Listed:
  • Giulia Mencattelli

    (Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise
    University of Trento
    Fondazione Edmund Mach)

  • Marie Henriette Dior Ndione

    (Institut Pasteur de Dakar)

  • Andrea Silverj

    (University of Trento
    Fondazione Edmund Mach
    University of Trento)

  • Moussa Moise Diagne

    (Institut Pasteur de Dakar)

  • Valentina Curini

    (Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise)

  • Liana Teodori

    (Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise)

  • Marco Di Domenico

    (Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise)

  • Rassoul Mbaye

    (Institut Pasteur de Dakar)

  • Alessandra Leone

    (Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise)

  • Maurilia Marcacci

    (Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise)

  • Alioune Gaye

    (Institut Pasteur de Dakar)

  • ElHadji Ndiaye

    (Institut Pasteur de Dakar)

  • Diawo Diallo

    (Institut Pasteur de Dakar)

  • Massimo Ancora

    (Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise)

  • Barbara Secondini

    (Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise)

  • Valeria Di Lollo

    (Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise)

  • Iolanda Mangone

    (Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise)

  • Andrea Bucciacchio

    (Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise)

  • Andrea Polci

    (Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise)

  • Giovanni Marini

    (Fondazione Edmund Mach)

  • Roberto Rosà

    (University of Trento
    Fondazione Edmund Mach)

  • Nicola Segata

    (University of Trento)

  • Gamou Fall

    (Institut Pasteur de Dakar)

  • Cesare Cammà

    (Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise)

  • Federica Monaco

    (Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise)

  • Mawlouth Diallo

    (Institut Pasteur de Dakar)

  • Omar Rota-Stabelli

    (University of Trento
    Fondazione Edmund Mach
    University of Trento)

  • Oumar Faye

    (Institut Pasteur de Dakar)

  • Annapaola Rizzoli

    (Fondazione Edmund Mach)

  • Giovanni Savini

    (Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell’Abruzzo e del Molise)

Abstract

It is unclear whether West Nile virus (WNV) circulates between Africa and Europe, despite numerous studies supporting an African origin and high transmission in Europe. We integrated genomic data with geographic observations and phylogenetic and phylogeographic inferences to uncover the spatial and temporal viral dynamics of WNV between these two continents. We focused our analysis towards WNV lineages 1 (L1) and 2 (L2), the most spatially widespread and pathogenic WNV lineages. Our study shows a Northern-Western African origin of L1, with back-and-forth exchanges between West Africa and Southern-Western Europe; and a Southern African origin of L2, with one main introduction from South Africa to Europe, and no back introductions observed. We also noticed a potential overlap between L1 and L2 Eastern and Western phylogeography and two Afro-Palearctic bird migratory flyways. Future studies linking avian and mosquito species susceptibility, migratory connectivity patterns, and phylogeographic inference are suggested to elucidate the dynamics of emerging viruses.

Suggested Citation

  • Giulia Mencattelli & Marie Henriette Dior Ndione & Andrea Silverj & Moussa Moise Diagne & Valentina Curini & Liana Teodori & Marco Di Domenico & Rassoul Mbaye & Alessandra Leone & Maurilia Marcacci & , 2023. "Spatial and temporal dynamics of West Nile virus between Africa and Europe," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-11, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:14:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-023-42185-7
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42185-7
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Simon Dellicour & Sebastian Lequime & Bram Vrancken & Mandev S. Gill & Paul Bastide & Karthik Gangavarapu & Nathaniel L. Matteson & Yi Tan & Louis Plessis & Alexander A. Fisher & Martha I. Nelson & Ma, 2020. "Epidemiological hypothesis testing using a phylogeographic and phylodynamic framework," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 11(1), pages 1-11, December.
    2. Brian R. Mann & Allison R. McMullen & Daniele M. Swetnam & Alan D. T. Barrett, 2013. "Molecular Epidemiology and Evolution of West Nile Virus in North America," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 10(10), pages 1-19, October.
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