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Conserved enhancers control notochord expression of vertebrate Brachyury

Author

Listed:
  • Cassie L. Kemmler

    (University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus)

  • Jana Smolikova

    (Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, v. v. i.)

  • Hannah R. Moran

    (University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus)

  • Brandon J. Mannion

    (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
    University of California)

  • Dunja Knapp

    (CRTD Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden)

  • Fabian Lim

    (University of California San Diego
    University of California San Diego
    University of California San Diego)

  • Anna Czarkwiani

    (CRTD Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden)

  • Viviana Hermosilla Aguayo

    (University of California San Francisco
    University of California San Francisco
    University of California San Francisco
    University of California San Francisco)

  • Vincent Rapp

    (University of Bern)

  • Olivia E. Fitch

    (Michigan State University)

  • Seraina Bötschi

    (University of Zurich)

  • Licia Selleri

    (University of California San Francisco
    University of California San Francisco
    University of California San Francisco
    University of California San Francisco)

  • Emma Farley

    (University of California San Diego
    University of California San Diego)

  • Ingo Braasch

    (Michigan State University)

  • Maximina Yun

    (CRTD Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden
    Max Planck Institute for Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics
    Cluster of Excellence Physics of Life, Technische Universität Dresden)

  • Axel Visel

    (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
    University of California Merced)

  • Marco Osterwalder

    (Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
    University of Bern
    Bern University Hospital)

  • Christian Mosimann

    (University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus)

  • Zbynek Kozmik

    (Institute of Molecular Genetics of the ASCR, v. v. i.)

  • Alexa Burger

    (University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus)

Abstract

The cell type-specific expression of key transcription factors is central to development and disease. Brachyury/T/TBXT is a major transcription factor for gastrulation, tailbud patterning, and notochord formation; however, how its expression is controlled in the mammalian notochord has remained elusive. Here, we identify the complement of notochord-specific enhancers in the mammalian Brachyury/T/TBXT gene. Using transgenic assays in zebrafish, axolotl, and mouse, we discover three conserved Brachyury-controlling notochord enhancers, T3, C, and I, in human, mouse, and marsupial genomes. Acting as Brachyury-responsive, auto-regulatory shadow enhancers, in cis deletion of all three enhancers in mouse abolishes Brachyury/T/Tbxt expression selectively in the notochord, causing specific trunk and neural tube defects without gastrulation or tailbud defects. The three Brachyury-driving notochord enhancers are conserved beyond mammals in the brachyury/tbxtb loci of fishes, dating their origin to the last common ancestor of jawed vertebrates. Our data define the vertebrate enhancers for Brachyury/T/TBXTB notochord expression through an auto-regulatory mechanism that conveys robustness and adaptability as ancient basis for axis development.

Suggested Citation

  • Cassie L. Kemmler & Jana Smolikova & Hannah R. Moran & Brandon J. Mannion & Dunja Knapp & Fabian Lim & Anna Czarkwiani & Viviana Hermosilla Aguayo & Vincent Rapp & Olivia E. Fitch & Seraina Bötschi & , 2023. "Conserved enhancers control notochord expression of vertebrate Brachyury," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-18, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:14:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-023-42151-3
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42151-3
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