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Orthogonal luminescence lifetime encoding by intermetallic energy transfer in heterometallic rare-earth MOFs

Author

Listed:
  • Jacob I. Deneff

    (Sandia National Laboratories)

  • Lauren E. S. Rohwer

    (Sandia National Laboratories)

  • Kimberly S. Butler

    (Sandia National Laboratories)

  • Bryan Kaehr

    (Sandia National Laboratories)

  • Dayton J. Vogel

    (Sandia National Laboratories)

  • Ting S. Luk

    (Sandia National Laboratories)

  • Raphael A. Reyes

    (Sandia National Laboratories)

  • Alvaro A. Cruz-Cabrera

    (Sandia National Laboratories)

  • James E. Martin

    (Sandia National Laboratories)

  • Dorina F. Sava Gallis

    (Sandia National Laboratories)

Abstract

Lifetime-encoded materials are particularly attractive as optical tags, however examples are rare and hindered in practical application by complex interrogation methods. Here, we demonstrate a design strategy towards multiplexed, lifetime-encoded tags via engineering intermetallic energy transfer in a family of heterometallic rare-earth metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). The MOFs are derived from a combination of a high-energy donor (Eu), a low-energy acceptor (Yb) and an optically inactive ion (Gd) with the 1,2,4,5 tetrakis(4-carboxyphenyl) benzene (TCPB) organic linker. Precise manipulation of the luminescence decay dynamics over a wide microsecond regime is achieved via control over metal distribution in these systems. Demonstration of this platform’s relevance as a tag is attained via a dynamic double encoding method that uses the braille alphabet, and by incorporation into photocurable inks patterned on glass and interrogated via digital high-speed imaging. This study reveals true orthogonality in encoding using independently variable lifetime and composition, and highlights the utility of this design strategy, combining facile synthesis and interrogation with complex optical properties.

Suggested Citation

  • Jacob I. Deneff & Lauren E. S. Rohwer & Kimberly S. Butler & Bryan Kaehr & Dayton J. Vogel & Ting S. Luk & Raphael A. Reyes & Alvaro A. Cruz-Cabrera & James E. Martin & Dorina F. Sava Gallis, 2023. "Orthogonal luminescence lifetime encoding by intermetallic energy transfer in heterometallic rare-earth MOFs," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-14, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:14:y:2023:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-023-36576-z
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36576-z
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sergii Yakunin & Jana Chaaban & Bogdan M. Benin & Ihor Cherniukh & Caterina Bernasconi & Annelies Landuyt & Yevhen Shynkarenko & Sami Bolat & Christoph Hofer & Yaroslav E. Romanyuk & Stefano Cattaneo , 2021. "Radiative lifetime-encoded unicolour security tags using perovskite nanocrystals," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-8, December.
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