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Quantum metrology with imperfect measurements

Author

Listed:
  • Yink Loong Len

    (University of Warsaw
    Yale-NUS College)

  • Tuvia Gefen

    (Caltech)

  • Alex Retzker

    (The Hebrew University of Jerusalem
    AWS Center for Quantum Computing)

  • Jan Kołodyński

    (University of Warsaw)

Abstract

The impact of measurement imperfections on quantum metrology protocols has not been approached in a systematic manner so far. In this work, we tackle this issue by generalising firstly the notion of quantum Fisher information to account for noisy detection, and propose tractable methods allowing for its approximate evaluation. We then show that in canonical scenarios involving N probes with local measurements undergoing readout noise, the optimal sensitivity depends crucially on the control operations allowed to counterbalance the measurement imperfections—with global control operations, the ideal sensitivity (e.g., the Heisenberg scaling) can always be recovered in the asymptotic N limit, while with local control operations the quantum-enhancement of sensitivity is constrained to a constant factor. We illustrate our findings with an example of NV-centre magnetometry, as well as schemes involving spin-1/2 probes with bit-flip errors affecting their two-outcome measurements, for which we find the input states and control unitary operations sufficient to attain the ultimate asymptotic precision.

Suggested Citation

  • Yink Loong Len & Tuvia Gefen & Alex Retzker & Jan Kołodyński, 2022. "Quantum metrology with imperfect measurements," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-15, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-33563-8
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33563-8
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Onur Hosten & Nils J. Engelsen & Rajiv Krishnakumar & Mark A. Kasevich, 2016. "Measurement noise 100 times lower than the quantum-projection limit using entangled atoms," Nature, Nature, vol. 529(7587), pages 505-508, January.
    2. M. W. Mitchell & J. S. Lundeen & A. M. Steinberg, 2004. "Super-resolving phase measurements with a multiphoton entangled state," Nature, Nature, vol. 429(6988), pages 161-164, May.
    3. J. Estève & C. Gross & A. Weller & S. Giovanazzi & M. K. Oberthaler, 2008. "Squeezing and entanglement in a Bose–Einstein condensate," Nature, Nature, vol. 455(7217), pages 1216-1219, October.
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