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Repeated genetic adaptation to altitude in two tropical butterflies

Author

Listed:
  • Gabriela Montejo-Kovacevich

    (University of Cambridge)

  • Joana I. Meier

    (University of Cambridge
    University of Cambridge)

  • Caroline N. Bacquet

    (Universidad Regional Amazónica Ikiam)

  • Ian A. Warren

    (University of Cambridge)

  • Yingguang Frank Chan

    (Friedrich Miescher Laboratory of the Max Planck Society)

  • Marek Kucka

    (Friedrich Miescher Laboratory of the Max Planck Society)

  • Camilo Salazar

    (Universidad del Rosario)

  • Nicol Rueda-M

    (Universidad del Rosario)

  • Stephen H. Montgomery

    (University of Bristol)

  • W. Owen McMillan

    (Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute)

  • Krzysztof M. Kozak

    (Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute)

  • Nicola J. Nadeau

    (University of Sheffield)

  • Simon H. Martin

    (University of Edinburgh)

  • Chris D. Jiggins

    (University of Cambridge)

Abstract

Repeated evolution can provide insight into the mechanisms that facilitate adaptation to novel or changing environments. Here we study adaptation to altitude in two tropical butterflies, Heliconius erato and H. melpomene, which have repeatedly and independently adapted to montane habitats on either side of the Andes. We sequenced 518 whole genomes from altitudinal transects and found many regions differentiated between highland (~ 1200 m) and lowland (~ 200 m) populations. We show repeated genetic differentiation across replicate populations within species, including allopatric comparisons. In contrast, there is little molecular parallelism between the two species. By sampling five close relatives, we find that a large proportion of divergent regions identified within species have arisen from standing variation and putative adaptive introgression from high-altitude specialist species. Taken together our study supports a role for both standing genetic variation and gene flow from independently adapted species in promoting parallel local adaptation to the environment.

Suggested Citation

  • Gabriela Montejo-Kovacevich & Joana I. Meier & Caroline N. Bacquet & Ian A. Warren & Yingguang Frank Chan & Marek Kucka & Camilo Salazar & Nicol Rueda-M & Stephen H. Montgomery & W. Owen McMillan & Kr, 2022. "Repeated genetic adaptation to altitude in two tropical butterflies," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-16, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-32316-x
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32316-x
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    2. Marie Louis & Petra Korlević & Milaja Nykänen & Frederick Archer & Simon Berrow & Andrew Brownlow & Eline D. Lorenzen & Joanne O’Brien & Klaas Post & Fernando Racimo & Emer Rogan & Patricia E. Rosel &, 2023. "Ancient dolphin genomes reveal rapid repeated adaptation to coastal waters," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-13, December.
    3. Youjie Zhao & Chengyong Su & Bo He & Ruie Nie & Yunliang Wang & Junye Ma & Jingyu Song & Qun Yang & Jiasheng Hao, 2023. "Dispersal from the Qinghai-Tibet plateau by a high-altitude butterfly is associated with rapid expansion and reorganization of its genome," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-13, December.

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