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Regulatory mechanisms of lipopolysaccharide synthesis in Escherichia coli

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  • Sheng Shu

    (Yale University School of Medicine)

  • Wei Mi

    (Yale University School of Medicine
    Yale University)

Abstract

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is an essential glycolipid and forms a protective permeability barrier for most Gram-negative bacteria. In E. coli, LPS levels are under feedback control, achieved by FtsH-mediated degradation of LpxC, which catalyzes the first committed step in LPS synthesis. FtsH is a membrane-bound AAA+ protease, and its protease activity toward LpxC is regulated by essential membrane proteins LapB and YejM. However, the regulatory mechanisms are elusive. We establish an in vitro assay to analyze the kinetics of LpxC degradation and demonstrate that LapB is an adaptor protein that utilizes its transmembrane helix to interact with FtsH and its cytoplasmic domains to recruit LpxC. Our YejM/LapB complex structure reveals that YejM is an anti-adaptor protein, competing with FtsH for LapB to inhibit LpxC degradation. Structural analysis unravels that LapB and LPS have overlapping binding sites in YejM. Thus, LPS levels control formation of the YejM/LapB complex to determine LpxC protein levels.

Suggested Citation

  • Sheng Shu & Wei Mi, 2022. "Regulatory mechanisms of lipopolysaccharide synthesis in Escherichia coli," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-11, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-32277-1
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32277-1
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Wei Mi & Yanyan Li & Sung Hwan Yoon & Robert K. Ernst & Thomas Walz & Maofu Liao, 2017. "Structural basis of MsbA-mediated lipopolysaccharide transport," Nature, Nature, vol. 549(7671), pages 233-237, September.
    2. Kathryn Tunyasuvunakool & Jonas Adler & Zachary Wu & Tim Green & Michal Zielinski & Augustin Žídek & Alex Bridgland & Andrew Cowie & Clemens Meyer & Agata Laydon & Sameer Velankar & Gerard J. Kleywegt, 2021. "Highly accurate protein structure prediction for the human proteome," Nature, Nature, vol. 596(7873), pages 590-596, August.
    3. Thomas Clairfeuille & Kerry R. Buchholz & Qingling Li & Erik Verschueren & Peter Liu & Dewakar Sangaraju & Summer Park & Cameron L. Noland & Kelly M. Storek & Nicholas N. Nickerson & Lynn Martin & Tri, 2020. "Structure of the essential inner membrane lipopolysaccharide–PbgA complex," Nature, Nature, vol. 584(7821), pages 479-483, August.
    4. John Jumper & Richard Evans & Alexander Pritzel & Tim Green & Michael Figurnov & Olaf Ronneberger & Kathryn Tunyasuvunakool & Russ Bates & Augustin Žídek & Anna Potapenko & Alex Bridgland & Clemens Me, 2021. "Highly accurate protein structure prediction with AlphaFold," Nature, Nature, vol. 596(7873), pages 583-589, August.
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