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Levels of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among fully vaccinated individuals with Delta or Omicron variant breakthrough infections

Author

Listed:
  • Nina Breinholt Stærke

    (Aarhus University Hospital
    Aarhus University)

  • Joanne Reekie

    (University of Copenhagen)

  • Henrik Nielsen

    (Aalborg University Hospital
    Aalborg University)

  • Thomas Benfield

    (Copenhagen University Hospital—Amager and Hvidovre
    University of Copenhagen)

  • Lothar Wiese

    (Zealand University Hospital)

  • Lene Surland Knudsen

    (Zealand University Hospital)

  • Mette Brouw Iversen

    (Zealand University Hospital)

  • Kasper Iversen

    (Herlev-Gentofte Hospital)

  • Kamille Fogh

    (Herlev-Gentofte Hospital)

  • Jacob Bodilsen

    (Aalborg University Hospital
    Aalborg University)

  • Maria Ruwald Juhl

    (Aalborg University Hospital)

  • Susan Olaf Lindvig

    (Odense University Hospital)

  • Anne Øvrehus

    (Odense University Hospital)

  • Lone Wulff Madsen

    (Odense University Hospital
    University of Southern Denmark)

  • Vibeke Klastrup

    (Aarhus University Hospital)

  • Sidsel Dahl Andersen

    (Aarhus University Hospital)

  • Anna Karina Juhl

    (Aarhus University Hospital)

  • Signe Rode Andreasen

    (Aarhus University Hospital)

  • Sisse Rye Ostrowski

    (University of Copenhagen
    Rigshospitalet)

  • Christian Erikstrup

    (Aarhus University
    Aarhus University Hospital)

  • Thea K. Fischer

    (University of Copenhagen
    Nordsjællands University Hospital)

  • Martin Tolstrup

    (Aarhus University Hospital
    Aarhus University)

  • Lars Østergaard

    (Aarhus University Hospital
    Aarhus University)

  • Isik Somuncu Johansen

    (Odense University Hospital
    University of Southern Denmark)

  • Jens Lundgren

    (University of Copenhagen
    University of Copenhagen)

  • Ole Schmeltz Søgaard

    (Aarhus University Hospital
    Aarhus University)

Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern have continuously evolved and may erode vaccine induced immunity. In this observational cohort study, we determine the risk of breakthrough infection in a fully vaccinated cohort. SARS-CoV-2 anti-spike IgG levels were measured before first SARS-CoV-2 vaccination and at day 21–28, 90 and 180, as well as after booster vaccination. Breakthrough infections were captured through the Danish National Microbiology database. incidence rate ratio (IRR) for breakthrough infection at time-updated anti-spike IgG levels was determined using Poisson regression. Among 6076 participants, 127 and 364 breakthrough infections due to Delta and Omicron variants were observed. IRR was 0.29 (95% CI 0.15–0.56) for breakthrough infection with the Delta variant, comparing the highest and lowest quintiles of anti-spike IgG. For Omicron, no significant differences in IRR were observed. These results suggest that quantitative level of anti-spike IgG have limited impact on the risk of breakthrough infection with Omicron.

Suggested Citation

  • Nina Breinholt Stærke & Joanne Reekie & Henrik Nielsen & Thomas Benfield & Lothar Wiese & Lene Surland Knudsen & Mette Brouw Iversen & Kasper Iversen & Kamille Fogh & Jacob Bodilsen & Maria Ruwald Juh, 2022. "Levels of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies among fully vaccinated individuals with Delta or Omicron variant breakthrough infections," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-8, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-32254-8
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32254-8
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Sandile Cele & Laurelle Jackson & David S. Khoury & Khadija Khan & Thandeka Moyo-Gwete & Houriiyah Tegally & James Emmanuel San & Deborah Cromer & Cathrine Scheepers & Daniel G. Amoako & Farina Karim , 2022. "Omicron extensively but incompletely escapes Pfizer BNT162b2 neutralization," Nature, Nature, vol. 602(7898), pages 654-656, February.
    2. Yunlong Cao & Jing Wang & Fanchong Jian & Tianhe Xiao & Weiliang Song & Ayijiang Yisimayi & Weijin Huang & Qianqian Li & Peng Wang & Ran An & Jing Wang & Yao Wang & Xiao Niu & Sijie Yang & Hui Liang &, 2022. "Omicron escapes the majority of existing SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing antibodies," Nature, Nature, vol. 602(7898), pages 657-663, February.
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