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Practical continuous-variable quantum key distribution with composable security

Author

Listed:
  • Nitin Jain

    (Technical University of Denmark)

  • Hou-Man Chin

    (Technical University of Denmark
    Technical University of Denmark)

  • Hossein Mani

    (Technical University of Denmark)

  • Cosmo Lupo

    (University of Sheffield
    Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica, Politecnico di Bari)

  • Dino Solar Nikolic

    (Technical University of Denmark)

  • Arne Kordts

    (Technical University of Denmark)

  • Stefano Pirandola

    (University of York)

  • Thomas Brochmann Pedersen

    (Cryptomathic A/S)

  • Matthias Kolb

    (Center for Digital Safety & Security, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH)

  • Bernhard Ömer

    (Center for Digital Safety & Security, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH)

  • Christoph Pacher

    (Center for Digital Safety & Security, AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH)

  • Tobias Gehring

    (Technical University of Denmark)

  • Ulrik L. Andersen

    (Technical University of Denmark)

Abstract

A quantum key distribution (QKD) system must fulfill the requirement of universal composability to ensure that any cryptographic application (using the QKD system) is also secure. Furthermore, the theoretical proof responsible for security analysis and key generation should cater to the number N of the distributed quantum states being finite in practice. Continuous-variable (CV) QKD based on coherent states, despite being a suitable candidate for integration in the telecom infrastructure, has so far been unable to demonstrate composability as existing proofs require a rather large N for successful key generation. Here we report a Gaussian-modulated coherent state CVQKD system that is able to overcome these challenges and can generate composable keys secure against collective attacks with N ≈ 2 × 108 coherent states. With this advance, possible due to improvements to the security proof and a fast, yet low-noise and highly stable system operation, CVQKD implementations take a significant step towards their discrete-variable counterparts in practicality, performance, and security.

Suggested Citation

  • Nitin Jain & Hou-Man Chin & Hossein Mani & Cosmo Lupo & Dino Solar Nikolic & Arne Kordts & Stefano Pirandola & Thomas Brochmann Pedersen & Matthias Kolb & Bernhard Ömer & Christoph Pacher & Tobias Geh, 2022. "Practical continuous-variable quantum key distribution with composable security," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-8, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-32161-y
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32161-y
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Tobias Gehring & Cosmo Lupo & Arne Kordts & Dino Solar Nikolic & Nitin Jain & Tobias Rydberg & Thomas B. Pedersen & Stefano Pirandola & Ulrik L. Andersen, 2021. "Homodyne-based quantum random number generator at 2.9 Gbps secure against quantum side-information," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-11, December.
    2. Takaya Matsuura & Kento Maeda & Toshihiko Sasaki & Masato Koashi, 2021. "Finite-size security of continuous-variable quantum key distribution with digital signal processing," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-13, December.
    3. Tobias Gehring & Vitus Händchen & Jörg Duhme & Fabian Furrer & Torsten Franz & Christoph Pacher & Reinhard F. Werner & Roman Schnabel, 2015. "Implementation of continuous-variable quantum key distribution with composable and one-sided-device-independent security against coherent attacks," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 6(1), pages 1-7, December.
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