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Homodyne-based quantum random number generator at 2.9 Gbps secure against quantum side-information

Author

Listed:
  • Tobias Gehring

    (Technical University of Denmark)

  • Cosmo Lupo

    (University of York
    University of Sheffield)

  • Arne Kordts

    (Technical University of Denmark)

  • Dino Solar Nikolic

    (Technical University of Denmark)

  • Nitin Jain

    (Technical University of Denmark)

  • Tobias Rydberg

    (Technical University of Denmark)

  • Thomas B. Pedersen

    (Cryptomathic A/S)

  • Stefano Pirandola

    (University of York)

  • Ulrik L. Andersen

    (Technical University of Denmark)

Abstract

Quantum random number generators promise perfectly unpredictable random numbers. A popular approach to quantum random number generation is homodyne measurements of the vacuum state, the ground state of the electro-magnetic field. Here we experimentally implement such a quantum random number generator, and derive a security proof that considers quantum side-information instead of classical side-information only. Based on the assumptions of Gaussianity and stationarity of noise processes, our security analysis furthermore includes correlations between consecutive measurement outcomes due to finite detection bandwidth, as well as analog-to-digital converter imperfections. We characterize our experimental realization by bounding measured parameters of the stochastic model determining the min-entropy of the system’s measurement outcomes, and we demonstrate a real-time generation rate of 2.9 Gbit/s. Our generator follows a trusted, device-dependent, approach. By treating side-information quantum mechanically an important restriction on adversaries is removed, which usually was reserved to semi-device-independent and device-independent schemes.

Suggested Citation

  • Tobias Gehring & Cosmo Lupo & Arne Kordts & Dino Solar Nikolic & Nitin Jain & Tobias Rydberg & Thomas B. Pedersen & Stefano Pirandola & Ulrik L. Andersen, 2021. "Homodyne-based quantum random number generator at 2.9 Gbps secure against quantum side-information," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-11, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:12:y:2021:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-020-20813-w
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20813-w
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    Cited by:

    1. Nitin Jain & Hou-Man Chin & Hossein Mani & Cosmo Lupo & Dino Solar Nikolic & Arne Kordts & Stefano Pirandola & Thomas Brochmann Pedersen & Matthias Kolb & Bernhard Ömer & Christoph Pacher & Tobias Geh, 2022. "Practical continuous-variable quantum key distribution with composable security," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-8, December.
    2. Chao Wang & Ignatius William Primaatmaja & Hong Jie Ng & Jing Yan Haw & Raymond Ho & Jianran Zhang & Gong Zhang & Charles Lim, 2023. "Provably-secure quantum randomness expansion with uncharacterised homodyne detection," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-15, December.

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