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Low-degree mantle melting controls the deep seismicity and explosive volcanism of the Gakkel Ridge

Author

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  • Ivan Koulakov

    (Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS
    Institute of the Earth’s Crust SB RAS)

  • Vera Schlindwein

    (Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research
    University of Bremen)

  • Mingqi Liu

    (Department of Earth Sciences, ETH Zurich)

  • Taras Gerya

    (Department of Earth Sciences, ETH Zurich)

  • Andrey Jakovlev

    (Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS
    Novosibirsk State University)

  • Aleksey Ivanov

    (Institute of the Earth’s Crust SB RAS)

Abstract

The world’s strongest known spreading-related seismicity swarm occurred in 1999 in a segment of the Gakkel Ridge located at 85°E as a consequence of an effusive-explosive submarine volcanic eruption. The data of a seismic network deployed on ice floes were used to locate hundreds of local earthquakes down to ∼25 km depth and to build a seismic tomography model under the volcanic area. Here we show the seismicity and the distribution of seismic velocities together with the 3D magmatic-thermomechanical numerical model, which demonstrate how a magma reservoir under the Gakkel Ridge may form, rise and trigger volcanic eruptions in the rift valley. The ultraslow spreading rates with low mantle potential temperatures appear to be a critical factor in the production of volatile-rich, low-degree mantle melts that are focused toward the magma reservoirs within narrow magmatic sections. The degassing of these melts is the main cause of the explosive submarine eruptions.

Suggested Citation

  • Ivan Koulakov & Vera Schlindwein & Mingqi Liu & Taras Gerya & Andrey Jakovlev & Aleksey Ivanov, 2022. "Low-degree mantle melting controls the deep seismicity and explosive volcanism of the Gakkel Ridge," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-10, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-30797-4
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30797-4
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Chunhui Tao & W. E. Seyfried & R. P. Lowell & Yunlong Liu & Jin Liang & Zhikui Guo & Kang Ding & Huatian Zhang & Jia Liu & Lei Qiu & Igor Egorov & Shili Liao & Minghui Zhao & Jianping Zhou & Xianming , 2020. "Deep high-temperature hydrothermal circulation in a detachment faulting system on the ultra-slow spreading ridge," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 11(1), pages 1-9, December.
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    Cited by:

    1. Zhiteng Yu & Satish C. Singh, 2023. "Increase of P-wave velocity due to melt in the mantle at the Gakkel Ridge," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-3, December.

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