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Using sero-epidemiology to monitor disparities in vaccination and infection with SARS-CoV-2

Author

Listed:
  • Isobel Routledge

    (University of California San Francisco)

  • Saki Takahashi

    (University of California San Francisco)

  • Adrienne Epstein

    (University of California San Francisco)

  • Jill Hakim

    (University of California San Francisco)

  • Owen Janson

    (University of California San Francisco)

  • Keirstinne Turcios

    (University of California San Francisco)

  • Jo Vinden

    (University of California San Francisco
    University of California Berkeley)

  • John Tomas Risos

    (University of California San Francisco)

  • Margaret Rose Baniqued

    (University of California San Francisco)

  • Lori Pham

    (University of California San Francisco)

  • Clara Di Germanio

    (Vitalant Research Institute)

  • Michael Busch

    (University of California San Francisco
    Vitalant Research Institute)

  • Margot Kushel

    (University of California San Francisco)

  • Bryan Greenhouse

    (University of California San Francisco)

  • Isabel Rodríguez-Barraquer

    (University of California San Francisco)

Abstract

As SARS-CoV-2 continues to spread and vaccines are rolled-out, the “double burden” of disparities in exposure and vaccination intersect to determine patterns of infection, immunity, and mortality. Serology provides a unique opportunity to measure prior infection and vaccination simultaneously. Leveraging algorithmically-selected residual sera from two hospital networks in the city of San Francisco, cross-sectional samples from 1,014 individuals from February 4–17, 2021 were each tested on two assays (Ortho Clinical Diagnostics VITROS Anti-SARS-CoV-2 and Roche Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2), capturing the first year of the epidemic and early roll-out of vaccination. We estimated, using Bayesian estimation of infection and vaccination, that infection risk of Hispanic/Latinx residents was five times greater than of White residents aged 18–64 (95% Credible Interval (CrI): 3.2–10.3), and that White residents over 65 were twice as likely to be vaccinated as Black/African American residents (95% CrI: 1.1–4.6). We found that socioeconomically-deprived zipcodes had higher infection probabilities and lower vaccination coverage than wealthier zipcodes. While vaccination has created a ‘light at the end of the tunnel’ for this pandemic, ongoing challenges in achieving and maintaining equity must also be considered.

Suggested Citation

  • Isobel Routledge & Saki Takahashi & Adrienne Epstein & Jill Hakim & Owen Janson & Keirstinne Turcios & Jo Vinden & John Tomas Risos & Margaret Rose Baniqued & Lori Pham & Clara Di Germanio & Michael B, 2022. "Using sero-epidemiology to monitor disparities in vaccination and infection with SARS-CoV-2," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-7, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:13:y:2022:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-022-30051-x
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30051-x
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Freimuth, Vicki S. & Jamison, Amelia M. & An, Ji & Hancock, Gregory R. & Quinn, Sandra Crouse, 2017. "Determinants of trust in the flu vaccine for African Americans and Whites," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 193(C), pages 70-79.
    2. Isobel Routledge & Adrienne Epstein & Saki Takahashi & Owen Janson & Jill Hakim & Elias Duarte & Keirstinne Turcios & Joanna Vinden & Kirk Sujishi & Jesus Rangel & Marcelina Coh & Lee Besana & Wai-Kit, 2021. "Citywide serosurveillance of the initial SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in San Francisco using electronic health records," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-9, December.
    3. Callaghan, Timothy & Moghtaderi, Ali & Lueck, Jennifer A. & Hotez, Peter & Strych, Ulrich & Dor, Avi & Fowler, Erika Franklin & Motta, Matthew, 2021. "Correlates and disparities of intention to vaccinate against COVID-19," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 272(C).
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    Cited by:

    1. Bernardo García-Carreras & Matt D. T. Hitchings & Michael A. Johansson & Matthew Biggerstaff & Rachel B. Slayton & Jessica M. Healy & Justin Lessler & Talia Quandelacy & Henrik Salje & Angkana T. Huan, 2023. "Accounting for assay performance when estimating the temporal dynamics in SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence in the U.S," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 14(1), pages 1-11, December.

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