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Diet composition influences the metabolic benefits of short cycles of very low caloric intake

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  • Alberto Diaz-Ruiz

    (Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health
    Nutritional Interventions Group, Precision Nutrition and Aging, Institute IMDEA Food, Crta. de Canto Blanco n° 8)

  • Tyler Rhinesmith

    (Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health)

  • Laura C. D. Pomatto-Watson

    (Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health)

  • Nathan L. Price

    (Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health)

  • Farzin Eshaghi

    (Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health)

  • Margaux R. Ehrlich

    (Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health)

  • Jacqueline M. Moats

    (Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health)

  • Melissa Carpenter

    (Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health)

  • Annamaria Rudderow

    (Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health)

  • Sebastian Brandhorst

    (University of Southern California)

  • Julie A. Mattison

    (Nonhuman Primate Core, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Aging)

  • Miguel A. Aon

    (Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health
    Laboratory of Cardiovascular Science, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health)

  • Michel Bernier

    (Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health)

  • Valter D. Longo

    (University of Southern California
    IFOM, FIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology)

  • Rafael Cabo

    (Experimental Gerontology Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health
    Nutritional Interventions Group, Precision Nutrition and Aging, Institute IMDEA Food, Crta. de Canto Blanco n° 8)

Abstract

Diet composition, calories, and fasting times contribute to the maintenance of health. However, the impact of very low-calorie intake (VLCI) achieved with either standard laboratory chow (SD) or a plant-based fasting mimicking diet (FMD) is not fully understood. Here, using middle-aged male mice we show that 5 months of short 4:10 VLCI cycles lead to decreases in both fat and lean mass, accompanied by improved physical performance and glucoregulation, and greater metabolic flexibility independent of diet composition. A long-lasting metabolomic reprograming in serum and liver is observed in mice on VLCI cycles with SD, but not FMD. Further, when challenged with an obesogenic diet, cycles of VLCI do not prevent diet-induced obesity nor do they elicit a long-lasting metabolic memory, despite achieving modest metabolic flexibility. Our results highlight the importance of diet composition in mediating the metabolic benefits of short cycles of VLCI.

Suggested Citation

  • Alberto Diaz-Ruiz & Tyler Rhinesmith & Laura C. D. Pomatto-Watson & Nathan L. Price & Farzin Eshaghi & Margaux R. Ehrlich & Jacqueline M. Moats & Melissa Carpenter & Annamaria Rudderow & Sebastian Bra, 2021. "Diet composition influences the metabolic benefits of short cycles of very low caloric intake," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-13, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:12:y:2021:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-021-26654-5
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26654-5
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Stephen B Kritchevsky & Kristen M Beavers & Michael E Miller & M Kyla Shea & Denise K Houston & Dalane W Kitzman & Barbara J Nicklas, 2015. "Intentional Weight Loss and All-Cause Mortality: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(3), pages 1-12, March.
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