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Global syndromes induced by changes in solutes of the world’s large rivers

Author

Listed:
  • Jiang Wu

    (State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Materials Fluxes in River Ecosystems, Peking University
    School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School)

  • Nan Xu

    (School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School)

  • Yichu Wang

    (College of Water Sciences, Beijing Normal University)

  • Wei Zhang

    (Michigan State University)

  • Alistair G. L. Borthwick

    (The University of Edinburgh, The King’s Buildings
    University of Plymouth, Drake Circus)

  • Jinren Ni

    (State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Materials Fluxes in River Ecosystems, Peking University
    Southern University of Science and Technology)

Abstract

Solute-induced river syndromes have grown in intensity in recent years. Here we investigate seven such river syndromes (salinization, mineralization, desalinization, acidification, alkalization, hardening, and softening) associated with global trends in major solutes (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, SO42−, Cl−, HCO3−) and dissolved silica in the world’s large rivers (basin areas ≥ 1000 km2). A comprehensive dataset from 600 gauge stations in 149 large rivers reveals nine binary patterns of co-varying trends in runoff and solute concentration. Solute-induced river syndromes are associated with remarkable increases in total dissolved solids (68%), chloride (81%), sodium (86%) and sulfate (142%) fluxes from rivers to oceans worldwide. The syndromes are most prevalent in temperate regions (30~50°N and 30~40°S based on the available data) where severe rock weathering and active human interferences such as urbanization and agricultural irrigation are concentrated. This study highlights the urgency to protect river health from extreme changes in solute contents.

Suggested Citation

  • Jiang Wu & Nan Xu & Yichu Wang & Wei Zhang & Alistair G. L. Borthwick & Jinren Ni, 2021. "Global syndromes induced by changes in solutes of the world’s large rivers," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 12(1), pages 1-10, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:12:y:2021:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-021-26231-w
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-26231-w
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. James E. Bauer & Wei-Jun Cai & Peter A. Raymond & Thomas S. Bianchi & Charles S. Hopkinson & Pierre A. G. Regnier, 2013. "The changing carbon cycle of the coastal ocean," Nature, Nature, vol. 504(7478), pages 61-70, December.
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