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Ultrastrong coupling between nanoparticle plasmons and cavity photons at ambient conditions

Author

Listed:
  • Denis G. Baranov

    (Chalmers University of Technology)

  • Battulga Munkhbat

    (Chalmers University of Technology)

  • Elena Zhukova

    (Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology)

  • Ankit Bisht

    (Chalmers University of Technology)

  • Adriana Canales

    (Chalmers University of Technology)

  • Benjamin Rousseaux

    (Chalmers University of Technology)

  • Göran Johansson

    (Chalmers University of Technology)

  • Tomasz J. Antosiewicz

    (Chalmers University of Technology
    University of Warsaw)

  • Timur Shegai

    (Chalmers University of Technology)

Abstract

Ultrastrong coupling is a distinct regime of electromagnetic interaction that enables a rich variety of intriguing physical phenomena. Traditionally, this regime has been reached by coupling intersubband transitions of multiple quantum wells, superconducting artificial atoms, or two-dimensional electron gases to microcavity resonators. However, employing these platforms requires demanding experimental conditions such as cryogenic temperatures, strong magnetic fields, and high vacuum. Here, we use a plasmonic nanorod array positioned at the antinode of a resonant optical Fabry-Pérot microcavity to reach the ultrastrong coupling (USC) regime at ambient conditions and without the use of magnetic fields. From optical measurements we extract the value of the interaction strength over the transition energy as high as g/ω ~ 0.55, deep in the USC regime, while the nanorod array occupies only ∼4% of the cavity volume. Moreover, by comparing the resonant energies of the coupled and uncoupled systems, we indirectly observe up to ∼10% modification of the ground-state energy, which is a hallmark of USC. Our results suggest that plasmon-microcavity polaritons are a promising platform for room-temperature USC realizations in the optical and infrared ranges, and may lead to the long-sought direct visualization of the vacuum energy modification.

Suggested Citation

  • Denis G. Baranov & Battulga Munkhbat & Elena Zhukova & Ankit Bisht & Adriana Canales & Benjamin Rousseaux & Göran Johansson & Tomasz J. Antosiewicz & Timur Shegai, 2020. "Ultrastrong coupling between nanoparticle plasmons and cavity photons at ambient conditions," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 11(1), pages 1-9, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:nat:natcom:v:11:y:2020:i:1:d:10.1038_s41467-020-16524-x
    DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16524-x
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    Cited by:

    1. Yuqiang Wang & Yu Zhang & Chaozhong Li & Jinwu Wei & Bin He & Hongjun Xu & Jihao Xia & Xuming Luo & Jiahui Li & Jing Dong & Wenqing He & Zhengren Yan & Wenlong Yang & Fusheng Ma & Guozhi Chai & Peng Y, 2024. "Ultrastrong to nearly deep-strong magnon-magnon coupling with a high degree of freedom in synthetic antiferromagnets," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-11, December.
    2. Ahmed Jaber & Michael Reitz & Avinash Singh & Ali Maleki & Yongbao Xin & Brian T. Sullivan & Ksenia Dolgaleva & Robert W. Boyd & Claudiu Genes & Jean-Michel Ménard, 2024. "Hybrid architectures for terahertz molecular polaritonics," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-8, December.
    3. Tingting Wu & Chongwu Wang & Guangwei Hu & Zhixun Wang & Jiaxin Zhao & Zhe Wang & Ksenia Chaykun & Lin Liu & Mengxiao Chen & Dong Li & Song Zhu & Qihua Xiong & Zexiang Shen & Huajian Gao & Francisco J, 2024. "Ultrastrong exciton-plasmon couplings in WS2 multilayers synthesized with a random multi-singular metasurface at room temperature," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 15(1), pages 1-9, December.

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