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The difficulties of the Chinese and Indian exchange rate regimes

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  • Ila Patnaik
  • Ajay Shah

Abstract

China and India have both sought control over the exchange rate in order to maintain export competitiveness, manage current account balance, and pursue independent monetary policy. In this paper, we examine structural change in the Chinese and Indian de facto exchange rate regimes, focusing on the period from 1998 to 2007. With increasing capital account openness, exchange rate inflexibility has been associated with significant monetary policy distortions. In both countries, the short-term rate expressed in real terms dropped, and achieved very low values, in the unprecedented business cycle expansion of the early 2000s. In the Indian case, difficulties of sterilisation led to a modification of the exchange rate regime, moving towards greater flexibility. In China, in contrast, the exchange rate regime did not change.

Suggested Citation

  • Ila Patnaik & Ajay Shah, 2009. "The difficulties of the Chinese and Indian exchange rate regimes," European Journal of Comparative Economics, Cattaneo University (LIUC), vol. 6(1), pages 157-173, June.
  • Handle: RePEc:liu:liucej:v:6:y:2009:i:1:p:157-173
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    3. Ila Patnaik & Ajay Shah, 2012. "Asia Confronts the Impossible Trinity," Chapters, in: Masahiro Kawai & Peter J. Morgan & Shinji Takagi (ed.), Monetary and Currency Policy Management in Asia, chapter 7, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    4. Enrico Marelli & Marcello Signorelli, 2011. "China and India: Openness, Trade and Effects on Economic Growth," European Journal of Comparative Economics, Cattaneo University (LIUC), vol. 8(1), pages 129-154, June.
    5. Ila Patnaik & Ajay Shah, 2012. "Did the Indian Capital Controls Work as a Tool of Macroeconomic Policy?," IMF Economic Review, Palgrave Macmillan;International Monetary Fund, vol. 60(3), pages 439-464, September.
    6. Patnaik, Ila & Sengupta, Rajeshwari, 2022. "Analyzing India's Exchange Rate Regime," India Policy Forum, National Council of Applied Economic Research, vol. 18(1), pages 53-85.
    7. Angad Siddharth & Constantinos Alexiou & Sofoklis Vogiazas, 2024. "Exchange Rate Regimes in India: Central Bank Interventions and Purchasing Power Parity in the Context of ASEAN Currencies," Economies, MDPI, vol. 12(4), pages 1-22, April.
    8. Prasad Bal, Debi & Narayan Rath, Badri, 2015. "Nonlinear causality between crude oil price and exchange rate: A comparative study of China and India," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 149-156.
    9. Utso Pal Mustafi & Rajeswari Sengupta, 2020. "Regime changes in Indias monetary policy and Tenures of RBI governors," Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai Working Papers 2020-011, Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai, India.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Exchange rate regime; sterilised intervention; monetary policy; India; China;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
    • E58 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Central Banks and Their Policies

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