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Simulating the environmental effects of isolated and area-wide traffic calming schemes using traffic simulation and microscopic emission modeling

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  • Golnaz Ghafghazi
  • Marianne Hatzopoulou

Abstract

This study focuses on the development of a microscopic traffic simulation and emission modeling system which aims at quantifying the effects of different types of traffic calming measures on vehicle emissions both at a link-level and at a network-level. It also investigates the effects of isolated traffic-calming measures at a corridor level and area-wide calming schemes, using a scenario analysis. Our study is set in Montreal, Canada where a traffic simulation model for a dense urban neighborhood is extended with capabilities for microscopic emission estimation. The results indicate that on average, isolated calming measures increase carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), carbon monoxide (CO), and nitrogen oxides (NO x ) emissions by 1.5, 0.3, and 1.5 %, respectively across the entire network. Area-wide schemes result in a percentage increase of 3.8 % for CO 2 , 1.2 % for CO, and 2.2 % for NO x across the entire network. Along specific corridors where traffic calming measures were simulated, increases in emissions of up to 83 % were observed. We also account for the effect of different measures on traffic volumes and observe moderate decreases in areas that have undergone traffic calming. In spite of traffic flow reductions, total emissions do increase. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media New York 2014

Suggested Citation

  • Golnaz Ghafghazi & Marianne Hatzopoulou, 2014. "Simulating the environmental effects of isolated and area-wide traffic calming schemes using traffic simulation and microscopic emission modeling," Transportation, Springer, vol. 41(3), pages 633-649, May.
    • Handle: RePEc:kap:transp:v:41:y:2014:i:3:p:633-649
    DOI: 10.1007/s11116-014-9513-x
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Retting, R.A. & Persaud, B.N. & Garder, P.E. & Lord, D., 2001. "Crash and injury reduction following installation of roundabouts in the United States," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 91(4), pages 628-631.
    2. Tester, J.M. & Rutherford, G.W. & Wald, Z. & Rutherford, M.W., 2004. "A Matched Case-Control Study Evaluating the Effectiveness of Speed Humps in Reducing Child Pedestrian Injuries," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 94(4), pages 646-650.
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Sotiris Vardoulakis & Rachel Kettle & Paul Cosford & Paul Lincoln & Stephen Holgate & Jonathan Grigg & Frank Kelly & David Pencheon, 2018. "Local action on outdoor air pollution to improve public health," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 63(5), pages 557-565, June.
    2. Wang, Yi & Szeto, W.Y. & Han, Ke & Friesz, Terry L., 2018. "Dynamic traffic assignment: A review of the methodological advances for environmentally sustainable road transportation applications," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 111(C), pages 370-394.
    3. Amit Agarwal & Benjamin Kickhöfer, 2018. "The correlation of externalities in marginal cost pricing: lessons learned from a real-world case study," Transportation, Springer, vol. 45(3), pages 849-873, May.
    4. Guoqiang Zhang & Lianghui Wu & Jun Chen, 2021. "Measurement Models for Carbon Dioxide Emission Factors of Passenger Cars Considering Characteristics of Roads and Traffic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(4), pages 1-18, February.
    5. Ihab Kaddoura & Kai Nagel, 2018. "Simultaneous internalization of traffic congestion and noise exposure costs," Transportation, Springer, vol. 45(5), pages 1579-1600, September.
    6. Yu, T. Edward & Larson, James A. & English, Burton C. & Fu, Joshua S. & Calcagno III, Jimmy & Wilson, Bradly, 2016. "Dedicated Energy Crop Supply Chair and Associated Feedstock Transportation Emissions: A Case Study of Tennessee," Journal of the Transportation Research Forum, Transportation Research Forum, vol. 55(1), April.

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