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No Longer Indigenous

Author

Listed:
  • Fiona Shalley

    (Northern Institute, Charles Darwin University)

  • Kalinda Griffiths

    (Flinders University
    University of New South Wales
    Menzies School of Health Research)

  • Tom Wilson

    (University of Melbourne)

Abstract

Investigating individual level-Indigenous identification change by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians has been enabled through the linkage of census data across time. This study focusses on the population who moved from an identification of Indigenous in the 2011 census to not Indigenous in the 2016 census. We calculated transition probabilities for a range of personal characteristics to investigate the influence of broad life-course transitions on the pattern of identification change. In addition to age, we found that sex, employment, mixed ancestry, interstate migration, and living arrangements had the strongest associations with the risk of a transition to not Indigenous. The highest transition probabilities were at each end of the adult life-course and the role of “not stated” was implicated, destabilising assumptions that decisions to identify as Indigenous, or not, always reflect personal agency. Finally, the paper challenges the adequacy of an origin-based identity question to define the increasingly complex ethnic histories of Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander people. Both improved definition and enumeration of Indigenous Australians are fundamental to current national conversations about constitutional recognition and continuing gaps in measured health and wellbeing.

Suggested Citation

  • Fiona Shalley & Kalinda Griffiths & Tom Wilson, 2023. "No Longer Indigenous," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 42(4), pages 1-27, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:kap:poprpr:v:42:y:2023:i:4:d:10.1007_s11113-023-09801-2
    DOI: 10.1007/s11113-023-09801-2
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Paul Campbell & Nicholas Biddle & Yin Paradies, 2018. "Indigenous Identification and Transitions in Australia: Exploring New Findings from a Linked Micro-dataset," Population (english edition), Institut National d'Études Démographiques (INED), vol. 0(4), pages 771-796.
    2. Daphne Habibis & Penny Taylor & Maggie Walter & Catriona Elder, 2016. "Repositioning the Racial Gaze: Aboriginal Perspectives on Race, Race Relations and Governance," Social Inclusion, Cogitatio Press, vol. 4(1), pages 57-67.
    3. Ludi Simpson & Stephen Jivraj & James Warren, 2016. "The stability of ethnic identity in England and Wales 2001–2011," Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A, Royal Statistical Society, vol. 179(4), pages 1025-1049, October.
    4. Carolyn A. Liebler & Sonya R. Porter & Leticia E. Fernandez & James M. Noon & Sharon R. Ennis, 2017. "America’s Churning Races: Race and Ethnicity Response Changes Between Census 2000 and the 2010 Census," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 54(1), pages 259-284, February.
    5. Tom Wilson, 2016. "The future of Australia’s Indigenous Population, 2011–61," Population Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 70(3), pages 311-326, September.
    6. Carolyn Liebler & Timothy Ortyl, 2014. "More Than One Million New American Indians in 2000: Who Are They?," Demography, Springer;Population Association of America (PAA), vol. 51(3), pages 1101-1130, June.
    7. Nicholas Biddle & Boyd Hunter, 2006. "An Analysis of the Internal Migration of Indigenous and Non-indigenous Australians," Australian Journal of Labour Economics (AJLE), Bankwest Curtin Economics Centre (BCEC), Curtin Business School, vol. 9(4), pages 321-341, December.
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