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Economic liberalisation and the mobility of minority groups: evidence from Māori in New Zealand

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  • Isabelle Sin
  • Steven Stillman

Abstract

Between 1984 and 1993, New Zealand undertook comprehensive market-oriented economic reforms. In this paper, we use census data to examine how the internal mobility of Māori compares to that of Europeans in New Zealand in the period after these reforms. It is often suggested that Māori are less mobile than other ethnic groups because of attachment to particular geographical locations. If this were the case, Māori may have been disadvantaged in the post-reform period because they were more likely to be living in adversely affected areas and less likely to move to pursue better employment opportunities. In contrast to the anecdotal evidence, we find that Māori are more mobile on average than similar Europeans. However, Māori who live in areas with strong networks of their iwi are slightly less mobile than Europeans. The difference between Māori who live locally to their iwi and those who do not is even more pronounced when we consider responsiveness to local labour market shocks. Non-local Māori are considerably more responsive to changes in economic opportunities than are Europeans, whereas local Māori are almost entirely unresponsive. JEL codes: J61, J15, R23. Copyright Sin and Stillman. 2016

Suggested Citation

  • Isabelle Sin & Steven Stillman, 2016. "Economic liberalisation and the mobility of minority groups: evidence from Māori in New Zealand," IZA Journal of Migration and Development, Springer;Forschungsinstitut zur Zukunft der Arbeit GmbH (IZA), vol. 5(1), pages 1-18, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:izamig:v:5:y:2016:i:1:p:1-18:10.1186/s40176-016-0049-z
    DOI: 10.1186/s40176-016-0049-z
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    1. Ross, Stephen L., 1998. "Racial Differences in Residential and Job Mobility: Evidence Concerning the Spatial Mismatch Hypothesis," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 43(1), pages 112-135, January.
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    10. Renkow, Mitch & Scrimgeour, Frank G., 2005. "Maori/Non-Maori Income Gaps: Do Differences in Worker Mobility Play a Role?," 2005 Annual meeting, July 24-27, Providence, RI 19214, American Agricultural Economics Association (New Name 2008: Agricultural and Applied Economics Association).
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Mobility; Migration; New Zealand; Māori; Labour market areas;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J61 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Mobility, Unemployment, Vacancies, and Immigrant Workers - - - Geographic Labor Mobility; Immigrant Workers
    • J15 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Minorities, Races, Indigenous Peoples, and Immigrants; Non-labor Discrimination
    • R23 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Household Analysis - - - Regional Migration; Regional Labor Markets; Population

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