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Residential Mortgage Lending and Borrower Risk: The Relationship between Mortgage Spreads and Individual Characteristics

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  • Chiang, Raymond C
  • Chow, Ying-Foon
  • Liu, Ming

Abstract

The mortgage banking environment in Hong Kong is quite different from that in the United States. For example, the secondary mortgage market and mortgage insurance only started after 1997. Using a large data set on mortgages, we examine empirically how mortgage rates in this market vary with various individual borrower, property, and loan characteristics. We find that mortgage rates in Hong Kong do vary with individual characteristics, which suggests credit sorting according to both prepayment risk and default risk, as a higher mortgage rate is found to be related to either higher collateral (a lower loan-to-value ratio) or slower prepayment. The empirical results suggest that lenders in Hong Kong can observe the risk type of individual borrowers to a certain extent and charge a corresponding mortgage spread. Overall, the evidence is consistent with the sorting-by-observed-risk paradigm as in Berger and Udell (1990). Copyright 2002 by Kluwer Academic Publishers

Suggested Citation

  • Chiang, Raymond C & Chow, Ying-Foon & Liu, Ming, 2002. "Residential Mortgage Lending and Borrower Risk: The Relationship between Mortgage Spreads and Individual Characteristics," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 25(1), pages 5-32, July.
    • Handle: RePEc:kap:jrefec:v:25:y:2002:i:1:p:5-32
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    Cited by:

    1. Timothy Besley & Neil Meads & Paolo Surico, 2013. "Risk Heterogeneity and Credit Supply: Evidence from the Mortgage Market," NBER Macroeconomics Annual, University of Chicago Press, vol. 27(1), pages 375-419.
    2. Dongwoo Kim, 2023. "Can investors’ collective decision-making evolve? Evidence from peer-to-peer lending markets," Electronic Commerce Research, Springer, vol. 23(2), pages 1323-1358, June.
    3. Wolter Hassink & Michiel Leuvensteijn, 2007. "Measuring Transparency in the Dutch Mortgage Market," De Economist, Springer, vol. 155(1), pages 23-47, March.
    4. Santiago Carbó-Valverde & Sergio Mayordomo & Francisco Rodríguez-Fernández, 2018. "Disentangling the Effects of Household Financial Constraints and Risk Profile on Mortgage Rates," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 56(1), pages 76-100, January.
    5. Sumit Agarwal & Brent W. Ambrose, 2008. "Does it pay to read your junk mail? evidence of the effect of advertising on home equity credit choices," Working Paper Series WP-08-09, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago.
    6. Shu Ling Chiang & Ming Shann Tsai & Shan Jiang, 2021. "The Influences of Foreclosure Factors on the Value, Yield, Duration and Convexity of a Mortgage," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 49(S2), pages 361-394, September.
    7. Tsai, Ming-Shann & Liao, Szu-Lang & Chiang, Shu-Ling, 2009. "Analyzing yield, duration and convexity of mortgage loans under prepayment and default risks," Journal of Housing Economics, Elsevier, vol. 18(2), pages 92-103, June.
    8. Michiel van Leuvensteijn & Wolter Hassink, 2003. "Price-setting and price dispersion in the Dutch mortgage market," CPB Discussion Paper 21, CPB Netherlands Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis.
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