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Credit Line Availability and Utilization in REITs

Author

Listed:
  • William G. Hardin III

    (Florida International University)

  • Matthew D. Hill

    (University of Mississippi)

Abstract

Analysis of REIT credit line availability and use under normal conditions and during the recent financial crisis are provided. Descriptive statistics indicate REIT credit lines represent an important component of capital structure, credit line availability and utilization have increased substantially over the sample period, and REITs maintain precautionary liquidity via credit lines rather than holding cash. Multivariate results indicate that credit line availability is directly associated with cash flow uncertainty, dividend distributions, acquisitions, and capital market access and is inversely linked to the market-to-book ratio. Credit line use is unrelated to cash flow volatility and dividends, but is correlated with operating cash flow, acquisitions, and capital market access. Unlike with non-REITs, when setting credit limits lenders focus on dividends and not just operating cash flow. Despite finding that line availability is influenced by dividend payments, REITs do not systematically use lines to pay dividends implying that dividends are paid from operating cash flows.

Suggested Citation

  • William G. Hardin III & Matthew D. Hill, 2011. "Credit Line Availability and Utilization in REITs," Journal of Real Estate Research, American Real Estate Society, vol. 33(4), pages 507-530.
    • Handle: RePEc:jre:issued:v:33:n:4:2011:p:507-530
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Zalina Zainudin & Mazhar Hallak Kantakji & Omer Bin Thabet & Nur Syairah Ani & Nursyuhadah Abdul Rahman, 2019. "An Investigation of the Moderating Effect of Liquidity on the Relationship between Debt and Financial Performance of REITs in Malaysia: An Optimal Liquidity Estimation," Contemporary Economics, University of Economics and Human Sciences in Warsaw., vol. 13(3), September.
    2. David H. Downs & Bing Zhu, 2022. "Property market liquidity and REIT liquidity," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 50(6), pages 1462-1491, November.
    3. Libo Sun & Sheridan D. Titman & Garry J. Twite, 2015. "REIT and Commercial Real Estate Returns: A Postmortem of the Financial Crisis," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 43(1), pages 8-36, March.
    4. Bao, Helen X.H. & Gong, Cynthia Miao, 2017. "Reference-dependent analysis of capital structure and REIT performance," Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics (formerly The Journal of Socio-Economics), Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 38-49.
    5. Vishaal Baulkaran & Pawan Jain, 2023. "CDS contract initiations: REIT board monitoring and corporate decision outcomes," Journal of Financial Research, Southern Finance Association;Southwestern Finance Association, vol. 46(1), pages 217-246, February.
    6. George D. Cashman & David M. Harrison & Shelly Howton & Benjamin Scheick, 2023. "The Cost of Financial Flexibility: Information Opacity, Agency Conflicts and REIT at-the-Market (ATM) Equity Offerings," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 66(2), pages 505-541, February.
    7. Huerta, Daniel & Egly, Peter V. & Escobari, Diego, 2015. "The Liquidity Crisis, Investor Sentiment, and REIT Returns and Volatility," MPRA Paper 68155, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    8. Gerlach, Richard & Obaydin, Ivan & Zurbruegg, Ralf, 2015. "The impact of leverage on the idiosyncratic risk and return relationship of REITs around the financial crisis," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 207-219.
    9. Ran Lu-Andrews, 2017. "Tenant Quality and REIT Liquidity Management," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 54(3), pages 272-296, April.
    10. Chinmoy Ghosh & Le Sun, 2014. "Agency Cost, Dividend Policy and Growth: The Special Case of REITs," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 48(4), pages 660-708, May.
    11. Yang-pin Shen & Chou-Yen Wu & Chiuling Lu, 2023. "U.S. REIT banking relationships and syndicated loan pricing," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 61(2), pages 447-479, August.
    12. Versmissen, J. & Zietz, J., 2017. "Is there a leverage target for REITs?," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 57-69.
    13. Elizabeth Devos & Erik Devos & He Li & Desmond Tsang, 2022. "Operating Lease as Alternative Financing for REITs: a Viable Strategy or a Sign of Trouble?," The Journal of Real Estate Finance and Economics, Springer, vol. 65(2), pages 153-180, August.

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • L85 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Services - - - Real Estate Services

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