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Sources of Synergy Realization in Mergers and Acquisitions: Empirical Evidence from Non-Serial Acquirers in Europe

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  • Nancy Huyghebaert
  • Mathieu Luypaert

Abstract

We empirically investigate the sources, magnitude, and timing of synergy realization for 293 M&As by non-serial listed acquirers in Europe during 1997¨C2005. In contrast to much of the existing literature, we find that the shareholders of non-serial acquirers gain significantly upon deal announcement. Next, we unravel the various sources of M&A value creation, in particular operating synergies resulting either from revenue enhancement or from savings on operating costs and investments, and financial synergies. Compared to its non-combining industry peers, the median combined sample firm reports a 4.92% larger sales growth rate by the third post-deal year. Operating costs relative to sales are reduced by an extra 1.53% over this same window. In leverage-increasing acquisitions, the median combined firm realizes a persistent 6.09% rise in its long-term debt ratio. Finally, our multivariate regression results point out that non-serial acquirers with a larger market-to-book ratio achieve more extensive operating synergies.

Suggested Citation

  • Nancy Huyghebaert & Mathieu Luypaert, 2013. "Sources of Synergy Realization in Mergers and Acquisitions: Empirical Evidence from Non-Serial Acquirers in Europe," International Journal of Financial Research, International Journal of Financial Research, Sciedu Press, vol. 4(2), pages 49-67, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:jfr:ijfr11:v:4:y:2013:i:2:p:49-67
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    Cited by:

    1. Arup Barua & Alexandra Ioanid, 2021. "Synergistic Competitive Advantage - The Modern Appeal of RBV and IO Theory in the Mergers and Acquisitions," Bulgarian Economic Papers bep-2021-06, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Sofia University St Kliment Ohridski - Bulgaria // Center for Economic Theories and Policies at Sofia University St Kliment Ohridski, revised Jul 2021.
    2. HAMZA Taher & SGHAIER Adnène & THRAYA Mohamed Firas, 2016. "How Do Takeovers Create Synergies? Evidence From France," Studies in Business and Economics, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Faculty of Economic Sciences, vol. 11(1), pages 54-72, April.
    3. von Hagen, Dominik & Pönnighaus, Fabian Nicolas, 2017. "International taxation and M&A prices," ZEW Discussion Papers 17-040, ZEW - Leibniz Centre for European Economic Research.
    4. Pandey, Vivek & Steigner, Tanja & Sutton, Ninon K., 2023. "The value of economic freedom in cross-border mergers," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 540-563.

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