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Contraintes financières et capacités d’innovation des petites et moyennes entreprises en période de crise

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  • Patrick sergio NZUGUEM KOUAM
  • Aurel Merlin LATI KINMENE
  • Simplice Gaël TONMO
  • Laurent NDJANYOU

Abstract

Objectif : L’innovation est considérée comment un véritable vecteur de croissance pour la quasi-totalité des petites et moyennes entreprises (PME) dans le monde entier. Cependant, elles sont confrontées à de graves contraintes financières, ce qui réduit ainsi leurs capacités d’innovation. Dans ce contexte, l’objectif de ce papier est d’analyser l’effet des contraintes financières sur la capacité d’innovation des PME en temps de crise.Méthode : Pour y parvenir, nous exploitons les données collectées via une banque camerounaise au cours de l’année 2021, sur un échantillon final de 138 PME exerçant leurs activités au Cameroun. Concernant les outils statistiques, nous avons utilisé les tris à plats pour la description des variables qualitatives de l’étude, l’Analyse en Composantes Principales (ACP) pour calculer l’indice synthétiques de l’impact de la pandémie COVID-19. Pour étudier la relation entre les contraintes financières et la capacité d’innovation des PME en temps de crise on a eu recours à des régressions de type logistique.Résultat : Les résultats montrent que les contraintes financières agissent négativement sur la capacité d’innovation en input (dépenses en R&D) et output (innovation de produit) des PME camerounaises. De plus la crise impacte positivement sur la capacité d’innovation en input et négativement sur l’innovation en output.Originalité/Pertinence : Bien que la relation entre les contraintes financières et l’innovation ait été mise en avant dans la littérature, il n’en reste pas moins qu’aucune étude n’a été réalisés dans un contexte de crise et plus précisément au Cameroun. Le bilan de ces travaux empiriques aboutit à des conclusions nuancées et parfois contradictoires. Notre étude devrait contribuer au débat relatif à la relation entre les contraintes financières et l’innovation dans les entreprises.Contribution sociales/ de gestion : Les résultats de cette étude permettront aux dirigeants des PME de renforcer leurs capacités de financement interne et externe afin de réduire les contraintes financières et leurs effets négatifs sur l’innovation en temps de crise. Sur le plan social, elle permettra aux chefs d'entreprises de concevoir et d'évaluer des réformes qui réduisent les effets négatifs des contraintes financières sur l'innovation, comme une politique visant à renforcer la volonté des secteurs financiers de financer les investissements dans l'innovation.

Suggested Citation

  • Patrick sergio NZUGUEM KOUAM & Aurel Merlin LATI KINMENE & Simplice Gaël TONMO & Laurent NDJANYOU, 2023. "Contraintes financières et capacités d’innovation des petites et moyennes entreprises en période de crise," Journal of Academic Finance, RED research unit, university of Gabes, Tunisia, vol. 14(2), pages 142-161, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:jaf:journl:v:14:y:2023:i:2:n:548
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Contraintes financières; Innovation; Capacité d’innovation; Input; Output; PME.; Financial constraints; Innovation; Innovation capacity; Input; Output; SMEs;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • M1 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Business Administration
    • N8 - Economic History - - Micro-Business History
    • G3 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance

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