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Real-Time Ambulance Dispatching and Relocation

Author

Listed:
  • Amir Ali Nasrollahzadeh

    (Department of Industrial Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634)

  • Amin Khademi

    (Department of Industrial Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634)

  • Maria E. Mayorga

    (Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695)

Abstract

In this study, we develop a flexible optimization framework for real-time ambulance dispatching and relocation. In addition to ambulance redeployment, we consider a general dispatching and relocation strategy by which the decision maker has the option to (i) select any available ambulance to dispatch to a call or to queue the call and (ii) send an idle ambulance to cover the location of an ambulance just dispatched to a call. We formulate the problem as a stochastic dynamic program, and, because the state space is unbounded, an approximate dynamic programming (ADP) framework is developed to generate high-quality solutions. We assess the quality of our solutions by developing a lower bound on the expected response time and computing a lower bound on the expected fraction of late calls of any relocation policy. We test the performance of our policies and available benchmarks on an emergency medical services system in Mecklenburg County, North Carolina. The results show that our policies are near optimal and significantly outperform available benchmarks. In particular, our ADP policy reduces the expected response time and fraction of high-priority late calls by 12% and 30.6%, respectively, over the best available static benchmarks in the case study. Moreover, the results provide insights on the contribution of each dispatching, redeployment, and reallocation strategy.

Suggested Citation

  • Amir Ali Nasrollahzadeh & Amin Khademi & Maria E. Mayorga, 2018. "Real-Time Ambulance Dispatching and Relocation," Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, INFORMS, vol. 20(3), pages 467-480, July.
  • Handle: RePEc:inm:ormsom:v:20:y:2018:i:3:p:467-480
    DOI: 10.1287/msom.2017.0649
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    Cited by:

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    2. Bélanger, V. & Lanzarone, E. & Nicoletta, V. & Ruiz, A. & Soriano, P., 2020. "A recursive simulation-optimization framework for the ambulance location and dispatching problem," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 286(2), pages 713-725.
    3. Wang, Qingyi & Reed, Ashley & Nie, Xiaofeng, 2022. "Joint initial dispatching of official responders and registered volunteers during catastrophic mass-casualty incidents," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    4. Jenkins, Phillip R. & Robbins, Matthew J. & Lunday, Brian J., 2021. "Approximate dynamic programming for the military aeromedical evacuation dispatching, preemption-rerouting, and redeployment problem," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 290(1), pages 132-143.
    5. Acuna, Jorge A. & Zayas-Castro, José L. & Charkhgard, Hadi, 2020. "Ambulance allocation optimization model for the overcrowding problem in US emergency departments: A case study in Florida," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 71(C).
    6. Wang, Wei & Wang, Shuaian & Zhen, Lu & Qu, Xiaobo, 2022. "EMS location-allocation problem under uncertainties," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    7. Carvalho, A.S. & Captivo, M.E. & Marques, I., 2020. "Integrating the ambulance dispatching and relocation problems to maximize system’s preparedness," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 283(3), pages 1064-1080.
    8. Alkaabneh, Faisal & Diabat, Ali & Gao, Huaizhu Oliver, 2021. "A unified framework for efficient, effective, and fair resource allocation by food banks using an Approximate Dynamic Programming approach," Omega, Elsevier, vol. 100(C).

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