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Simulation and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of New York's Emergency Ambulance Service

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  • E. S. Savas

    (Deputy City Administrator Office of the Mayor, City of New York)

Abstract

Computer simulation was used to analyze the possible improvements in ambulance service that would result from proposed changes in the number and location of ambulances. The cost-effectiveness of several alternatives was examined. A particular alternative was shown to be of considerable value and it was concluded that low-cost improvements in service could indeed be achieved by redistributing ambulances in accordance with this alternative. This marks the first time that the City of New York has utilized computer simulation as an aid to decision-making. In addition, this represents another step in the move to use computers more creatively in municipal management. More generally speaking, the notion of applying the "space-age methods" of systems analysis, operations research, cost-effectiveness analysis, etc., to solve urban problems is a very popular one, frequently written about, discussed, and presented at conferences. The work reported here has translated this concept into practical results in a vital area of public service. This is a small but significant advance, of potential value to urban governments everywhere.

Suggested Citation

  • E. S. Savas, 1969. "Simulation and Cost-Effectiveness Analysis of New York's Emergency Ambulance Service," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 15(12), pages 608-627, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:inm:ormnsc:v:15:y:1969:i:12:p:b608-b627
    DOI: 10.1287/mnsc.15.12.B608
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    Cited by:

    1. L Bach, 1980. "Locational Models for Systems of Private and Public Facilities Based on Concepts of Accessibility and Access Opportunity," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 12(3), pages 301-320, March.
    2. Zaki, Ahmed S. & Cheng, Hsing Kenneth & Parker, Barnett R., 1997. "A Simulation Model for the Analysis and Management of An Emergency Service System," Socio-Economic Planning Sciences, Elsevier, vol. 31(3), pages 173-189, September.
    3. Linda V. Green & Peter J. Kolesar, 2004. "ANNIVERSARY ARTICLE: Improving Emergency Responsiveness with Management Science," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 50(8), pages 1001-1014, August.
    4. Sun Hoon Kim & Young Hoon Lee, 2016. "Iterative optimization algorithm with parameter estimation for the ambulance location problem," Health Care Management Science, Springer, vol. 19(4), pages 362-382, December.
    5. Johnson, Michael P. & Midgley, Gerald & Chichirau, George, 2018. "Emerging trends and new frontiers in community operational research," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 268(3), pages 1178-1191.
    6. P. Daniel Wright & Matthew J. Liberatore & Robert L. Nydick, 2006. "A Survey of Operations Research Models and Applications in Homeland Security," Interfaces, INFORMS, vol. 36(6), pages 514-529, December.
    7. A Ingolfsson & E Erkut & S Budge, 2003. "Simulation of single start station for Edmonton EMS," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 54(7), pages 736-746, July.
    8. Kenneth C. Chong & Shane G. Henderson & Mark E. Lewis, 2016. "The Vehicle Mix Decision in Emergency Medical Service Systems," Manufacturing & Service Operations Management, INFORMS, vol. 18(3), pages 347-360, July.
    9. Rania Boujemaa & Aida Jebali & Sondes Hammami & Angel Ruiz & Hanen Bouchriha, 2018. "A stochastic approach for designing two-tiered emergency medical service systems," Flexible Services and Manufacturing Journal, Springer, vol. 30(1), pages 123-152, June.
    10. T Andersson & P Värbrand, 2007. "Decision support tools for ambulance dispatch and relocation," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 58(2), pages 195-201, February.
    11. N C Simpson & P G Hancock, 2009. "Fifty years of operational research and emergency response," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 60(1), pages 126-139, May.
    12. Shariat-Mohaymany, Afshin & Babaei, Mohsen & Moadi, Saeed & Amiripour, Sayyed Mahdi, 2012. "Linear upper-bound unavailability set covering models for locating ambulances: Application to Tehran rural roads," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 221(1), pages 263-272.
    13. Gad Allon & Sarang Deo & Wuqin Lin, 2013. "The Impact of Size and Occupancy of Hospital on the Extent of Ambulance Diversion: Theory and Evidence," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 61(3), pages 544-562, June.
    14. Wade Cook & Rodney Green, 2003. "Selecting Sites for New Facilities Using Data Envelopment Analysis," Journal of Productivity Analysis, Springer, vol. 19(1), pages 77-91, January.

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